摘要:2 B$ f& D3 q. p% t$ [" [
if从句中的动词用过去完成时,主句中的动词用条件完成时。这种句子所指的时间是过去;所提出的条件是不可能实现的,因为if从句中的动作在过去并未发生。 if从句中的动词用过去完成时,主句中的动词用条件完成时。这种句子所指的时间是过去;所提出的条件是不可能实现的,因为if从句中的动作在过去并未发生。
. k+ @& @" `: R If I had known that you were coming I would have met you at the air-port.
% `$ F- I: {6 m4 @! b! u$ O 要是我早知道你要来的话,我就会在机场接你了。(但我不知道,所以我也没去。)1 i! m+ u' q, Y
If he had tried to leave the country he would have been stopped at the frontier.
' h4 Z# F# c9 G: J 要是他当时试图离开这个国家,他就会在边界被阻拦。(但他并未这样做。)9 B6 R& ]9 }# p1 U
基本形式可能的变化形式
! X! J' n5 N, q7 r 1 可以用could或might而不用would:9 z$ K/ W+ `1 z* W1 y
If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.
& C0 F7 G1 c7 ~1 Q U- f2 {. U3 H 要是我们那时早点找到他的话,我们会把他救活的。(能力)
; J) @- K( g c Z If we had found him earlier we might have saved his life.
9 x( F! d8 }- J) r: N& q 要是我们那时早点找到他的话,我们可能会把他救活的。(可能性)6 @$ z( `! C2 X9 z
If our documents had been in order we could have left at once.# C1 p D" m5 V) n
要是我们的证明文件都齐备的话,我们那时就能够马上走。(能力或允许)( O6 {( k3 L* S% k3 ]# I
2 可以用条件完成进行时:
! ^9 I% r$ x# t, l( U! X At the time of the accident I was sitting in the back of the car,because Tom’s little boy was sitting beside him in front.If Tom’s boy had not been there I would have been sitting in front.0 S2 y/ I+ _1 d
事故发生的时候,我坐在车子的后座,因为汤姆的小儿子坐在前边他的身旁。要是汤姆的孩子没坐在那里的话,我就会坐在前面了。. t9 Z: `, l9 K$ X. y
3 可以在if从句中用过去完成进行时:7 Z, j, W9 B2 N, ^. e% m
I was wearing a seat belt.If I hadn’t been wearing one I’d have been seriously injured.5 v6 P- l: `+ a* [: C+ [6 J0 C' a
我当时系了安全带。要是没有系上的话,我就会受重伤了。
! W7 M2 H, |/ T' Q' [ 4 可以把类型2和类型3结合起来:3 Y4 g' t9 i9 I
The plane I intended to catch crashed and everyone was killed.If I had caught that plane I would be dead now/I would have been killed." b7 u, k) f3 }6 ~+ m- l0 F, J
我原想赶乘的那架飞机坠毁了,所有乘客都遇难身亡。要是我赶上了那架飞机,我也就没命了/我就会摔死了。(类型 3)
& S* {; F* w3 H% M' B: Q If I had worked harder at school I would be sitting in a comfortable office now;I wouldn’t be sweeping the streets.8 @( |% [6 W$ v Y
要是在上学时学习再努力一些,我现在就会坐在舒适的办公室里,而
( R4 h& T2 T: p& P) c 不会是在扫大街了。(但我上学时不努力,因而我现在在扫大街。)5 }& t5 ^8 `+ B2 [$ \; g- d
5 had可以位于句首并省略if:
3 [8 ]; F( Z3 Z If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened.相当于:$ p/ N! `3 ~: x) `3 B6 [5 y& z
Had you obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened.
. @4 F6 _ U3 S1 a. | 要是你当时服从了命令,这场灾难就不会发生了。 |