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[托福语法] 托福语法:条件句类型(3)

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
摘要:
% t& Q- ], ~# g+ V0 C  if从句中的动词用过去完成时,主句中的动词用条件完成时。这种句子所指的时间是过去;所提出的条件是不可能实现的,因为if从句中的动作在过去并未发生。   if从句中的动词用过去完成时,主句中的动词用条件完成时。这种句子所指的时间是过去;所提出的条件是不可能实现的,因为if从句中的动作在过去并未发生。! q) [3 U# ~' S* e
  If I had known that you were coming I would have met you at the air-port.
( t1 `* K% \+ ^$ t4 k) z# W  要是我早知道你要来的话,我就会在机场接你了。(但我不知道,所以我也没去。)
) k/ X" _4 ]. ^# O! W1 ]  If he had tried to leave the country he would have been stopped at the frontier.6 a& C# \" L& ~6 Q
  要是他当时试图离开这个国家,他就会在边界被阻拦。(但他并未这样做。)) P2 f# \& h' {* K
  基本形式可能的变化形式1 z2 A3 A& }, `9 E
  1 可以用could或might而不用would:3 k+ |/ x4 O  l) |/ ]  N
  If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.
# H  X) p) ^& p& a; W) u  要是我们那时早点找到他的话,我们会把他救活的。(能力)
0 T  i- M6 ^) P; a0 R  If we had found him earlier we might have saved his life.' u+ b! A. r4 x8 H  w7 w5 [) N
  要是我们那时早点找到他的话,我们可能会把他救活的。(可能性)& z7 r$ z2 J( d: X- {& S
  If our documents had been in order we could have left at once.0 v, ^: ~0 @1 I* ]$ E/ \
  要是我们的证明文件都齐备的话,我们那时就能够马上走。(能力或允许)# p0 }# v3 u- f9 ^4 D0 e: n
  2 可以用条件完成进行时:
- p, L1 b: l4 n: p6 U, r  At the time of the accident I was sitting in the back of the car,because Tom’s little boy was sitting beside him in front.If Tom’s boy had not been there I would have been sitting in front., b3 y$ v% w  C: u
  事故发生的时候,我坐在车子的后座,因为汤姆的小儿子坐在前边他的身旁。要是汤姆的孩子没坐在那里的话,我就会坐在前面了。+ x" c) \& d9 X3 r) R: `4 e. z9 N
  3 可以在if从句中用过去完成进行时:
2 V! R( b# t! @0 S9 m: m4 o  I was wearing a seat belt.If I hadn’t been wearing one I’d have been seriously injured.& \6 G8 ~! {- N1 S% V/ K
  我当时系了安全带。要是没有系上的话,我就会受重伤了。) S5 s4 c0 K8 q4 i% E! G  X- k& ~
  4 可以把类型2和类型3结合起来:7 l0 ~9 M( _  E
  The plane I intended to catch crashed and everyone was killed.If I had caught that plane I would be dead now/I would have been killed.
) C5 u/ T! V! I( q, I  我原想赶乘的那架飞机坠毁了,所有乘客都遇难身亡。要是我赶上了那架飞机,我也就没命了/我就会摔死了。(类型 3)
; L* |+ D' N0 ?* p  If I had worked harder at school I would be sitting in a comfortable office now;I wouldn’t be sweeping the streets.
* e3 w& t9 e7 [" {9 y  要是在上学时学习再努力一些,我现在就会坐在舒适的办公室里,而
5 t/ `3 {3 f7 A3 i9 N  x) H1 E  不会是在扫大街了。(但我上学时不努力,因而我现在在扫大街。)
' S: N: O6 n  P# l% Z) Q: W/ f  5 had可以位于句首并省略if:/ ]) c( H" J3 Z. X7 P% ]* V0 ?8 h
  If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened.相当于:
3 s; a) F# i  M  Had you obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened.
5 k5 i5 g* E- Z. O7 p  要是你当时服从了命令,这场灾难就不会发生了。
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