这两个词都有“相当”、“适中”的意思,但fairly主要用于修饰褒义的形容词和副词(如bravely,good,nice,well等)而rather主要修饰贬义的形容词和副词(如bad,stupidly,ugly等):
: g* a+ _; b/ P; s Tom is fairly clever,but Peter is rather stupid.) C/ s% I6 X$ O$ F( f, N! {$ n$ w) l
汤姆相当聪明,而彼得就颇笨。
/ V+ f) G+ e+ h3 J3 K, { I walk fairly fast but Ann walks rather slowly.$ E2 s7 J4 Z2 H+ Y+ v# `- o
我走得相当快,而安就走得相当慢。
8 k+ ^) ^6 f1 q- _8 o ~ 两者都可以与分词连用:
% i e) s, N V3 } He was fairly relaxed;she was rather tense.5 H- w# M8 _1 u/ d
他很放松,而她就相当紧张。
$ q5 ~( B" X$ z/ h( D a fairly interesting film一部相当有意思的电影8 |- ~# e5 u7 }; p- G
a rather boring book一本相当乏味的书& q% ` n2 C# z3 u4 }' }2 |
不定冠词必须放在fairly之前,但可放在rather之前或之后:
2 l: m( U. e. Y" f: x5 O* D a fairly light box一个相当轻的盒子
4 }2 S- o/ m7 D, Q6 t6 t' V3 u- p6 X* x a rather heavy box/rather a heavy box9 K$ ]( _2 `( |- Q/ Z& r
一个相当重的盒子一些本身没有褒贬意义的形容词和副词如fast,slow,thin,thick,hot,cold等,之前加上fairly时表示赞许而加上rather时表示不赞许。This soup is fairly hot(这汤还挺热)这意味说话人喜欢喝热汤。而This soup is rather hot(这汤太热了)就意味着说话人嫌汤太热了点。! P7 B7 B2 A2 l6 z5 R Z
rather可用在alike,like,similar,different等词及比较级之前,这时它的含义是“少许”或“略微”:
$ k f9 @# l6 f' C! `1 B8 {" H Siamese cats are rather like dogs in some ways.8 l" @; e0 l z
暹罗猫在某些方面长得有点儿像狗。
2 V# ^& _ Y7 X1 b1 \; R The weather was rather worse than I had expected
4 _$ f! e( C, h2 _% ]3 e 天气要比我预料的还坏。# j! c0 K: I. y! X
rather a可以与一些名词连用,如disappiontment,disadvan-tage,nuisance,pity,shame及joke:
# }' A3 }5 U6 Q5 ?1 {/ S It’s rather a nuisance that we can’t park here.
( d1 z3 k) E* `% o& W. I4 D3 Q 真讨厌,我们不能在这里停车。(有点不方便)
- |; H, M4 B `: d# G It’s rather a shame that he has to work on Sundays.& j: b" A1 l$ }0 a# N
真讨厌,他连星期天也得去上班。(有点不公平)
& q2 D: e9 Z7 U+ J8 A. m1 s3 D8 N# l fairly则不能这样用。
% f2 x& ]3 n& R0 K" Q# ^ rather可以用在某些褒义的形容词和副词之前,如amusing,clever,good,pretty,well等,但其含义变了。这时它几乎相当于very之意,没有贬义,如She is rather clever(她很聪明)。
, h K( Z, ~" p- W/ v# I4 G 这句含义相当于She is very clever。rather这样用时显然具有比fairly更深的褒义,如It is a fairly good play(这个戏还算可以)。这一说法会起到劝阻旁人去看戏的作用。但如果说It israther a good play(这个戏很好)则无疑是一种推荐。有时rather这样用时含有“惊讶”之意:* k( O, R1 \7 c p. X
—I suppose the house was filthy.! U9 N! Y6 _( T" @/ |0 x
—No,as a matter of fact it was rather clean.
7 W& J6 A0 h; d5 t* ]# | —我想屋子一定很脏。4 w( d+ N( d( r$ M% q# p
—不,它实际上却很干净。) B. w3 w6 \4 v. F+ _3 f
rather也可用在enjoy与like这两个词前,有时还可用在dis-like与object这一类动词之前:: s2 W' q# Q5 m- L) @, n$ l
I rather like the smell of petrol.7 J' _5 v5 @* ^+ `6 O6 w
我倒很喜欢汽油味儿。( B5 M/ J( }* a! L2 z4 y/ S7 ^
He rather enjoys queueing." s' d( c# o; c. x9 p
他却很喜欢排队。" C3 A: `$ u2 }$ P6 o! ]' g$ ^
rather还可以用来对由以上动词构成的问句作简单回答:
k% L& L/ v$ |5 O* ]3 f —Do you like him?3 H8 L1 _+ s0 t6 x, T4 O- }
—Yes,I do,rather.
7 T) F! x: f4 b. {5 i- V —你喜欢他吗?
1 S9 S) C% A5 d) g# A) E —是的,我倒相当喜欢他。6 ~* W" u. {! x3 r- s1 t
rather+like/enjoy主要用于表现一种“喜爱”,而这种喜爱是出乎旁人或说话者本人意料之外的。但它也可以用来强调动词,如I rather like Tom(我很喜欢汤姆)。这就要比I likeTom(我喜欢汤姆)具有更强烈的感情色彩。 |