托福语法辅导：句子时态的灵活运用

会计考友

时态的活用:
' w4 n' i  X5 v+ Q# m  Q　　英语时态有一些习惯用法是不符合以上规律的，我们只能硬记这些用法，例如：
, v+ G2 @3 S5 M4 B　　在条件状语从句里，将来的条件要用一般现在时表达，将来进行时要用现在进行时表达，依此类推。
　　例句：1.If you come here early tomorrow morning, you will meet him.
　　2.He will be watering the garden after two hours if you are preparing so slowly.
　　3.When we have gone there, they will have been there at least for half an hour.
　　Be going to do sth 和be to do sth结构表示将来时也是活用的方式。
( M& j0 ^: B7 k" U/ u, [　　例句：1.We are going to get up early in the holidays. 我们打算在假期里早点起床。
　　2.He is to climb the high mountain next month. 他定于在下个月去登那座高山。
　　suggest后面的宾语从句里含有should，如果省略里面的should,谓语动词则应用原形：
　　例句：He suggested we [should] go in this way.
7 X1 K4 c8 I% C6 Y, Y5 V( g" p% q　　应用举例：《新概念》第二册红色字表示现在时系列，蓝色字表示过去时系列
　　Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?
/ j( F& Z& }8 G. I8 Z, G( w5 y& l1 i: S　　It was Sunday. [这是指以前的那一天] I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. [这是指作者一贯来的情况，即习惯性] Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. [这些还是指以前的那个星期天里的事] ’What a day!’ [口语用一般现在时=What a terrible day it is!] I thought. [当时想] ’It’s raining again.’ [仍是现在时系列] Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.[指的是当时的情况] ’I’ve just arrived by train,’ [现在时系列] she said.[露西姨妈当时说的] ’I’m coming to see you.’ [现在时系列]
　　But I’m still having breakfast,’[作者说他当时的动作，现在时系列] I said. [他当时说]
! w+ w6 x- E2 b! {　　What are you doing?’ [现在时系列] she asked. [她当时说]
　　I’m having breakfast,’[作者说他当时的动作，现在时系列] I repeated. [他当时说]
: u5 u  c0 k/ O4 |　　Dear me,’ she said. [她当时说] ’Do you always get up so late? It’s one o’clock!’ [指的是当时的情况，口语用一般现在时系列]
　　Lesson 3 Please send me a card
+ |) F4 @/ B, }* p2 ]1 ?　　Postcards always spoil my holidays.[这是指作者一贯来的情况，即习惯性] [以后都是讲述去年夏天的事所以全用过去时系列] Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards.[这一句虽然讲的是经常发生的事，但因为全发生在去年夏天之内，所以仍用过去时] My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!