用 if+were而不用 if+was的情况
# x# I. H1 `; M- w! L 1 通常两种形式都可以用,were更适合较正式的英语:( w2 u7 _0 R$ R1 L+ d- D
If she was/were offered the job she’d take it.
1 B! p; H$ y+ B+ k9 B. v4 J: q5 ~: V 如果给她提供那份工作,她就会接受。(两者都可用。)
7 v6 @' x K4 C If Tom was/were here he’d know what to do.! v7 H5 t. w% a( ?
如果汤姆在这里,他会知道该怎么办。* R5 _6 @" x$ T$ y
2 If I were/was you I would/should…是一种表示劝告的方式,were要比was用得普遍些:
P8 j6 W& u6 U+ ~1 v ‘If I were you I would wait a bit,’ he said.1 Y1 w1 o, ^) [" o
他说:“我要是你的话,就再等一会儿。”
: a1 W H5 V8 o. Z) Z0 Y were用于带to的不定式结构的情况更为常见:
$ x, ]* \2 W* {! x If Peter were/was to apply for the post he’d get it.
* `( `3 ~* n9 b0 H$ t0 f- F 要是彼得申请这个职务,他会得到的。
! M% j! K+ H$ Q% E2 c- ` 3 以助动词置于主语前而构成条件句时,则只用were而不用was:
( N( i+ J; P3 F! D; |- m Were I Tom I would refuse.
" k& p; y. ~4 N4 G+ ~* r; V: c 如果我是汤姆,我会拒绝的。1 I5 P$ T5 \( e4 E
if 意为since时,was不能由were代替;在 if only和wish之后,were可以由was来代替。) C! }9 T% L$ X3 F1 y
在正式的英语中, if + 主语 + 助动词结构中可以省略if,同时使助动词位于主语前面:' x2 b2 Z! @( Q7 Z7 o
If I were in his shoes…相当于:
0 q, o: s+ v, b4 A Were I in his shoes…7 S. }6 h; r. D! @& S
如果我处于他的地位……
0 m; I6 T: V! D1 l7 j If you should require anything… 相当于:9 |( }; p. z3 o+ l
Should you require anything…- P' B9 n' j' d
你需要什么的话……9 Z3 [3 y8 W, s: P) g, r
If he had known… 相当于:
: U3 }! E* ~, X# j( o9 @( ?( q4 [! c6 m% q Had he known…, A7 Q3 [: e3 l Z s H2 ]/ d+ g
要是他当时知道的话…… |