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[托福语法] 托福语法学习:条件句类型3

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
 if从句中的动词用过去完成时,主句中的动词用条件完成时。这种句子所指的时间是过去;所提出的条件是不可能实现的,因为if从句中的动作在过去并未发生。0 L% @  j& T( z+ l9 M7 H: e' m" x
  If I had known that you were coming I would have met you at the air-port.
  I( y% h' N0 s$ p% i9 E" k  要是我早知道你要来的话,我就会在机场接你了。(但我不知道,所以我也没去。)9 b0 X) d5 W( M
  If he had tried to leave the country he would have been stopped at the frontier.% `% Y' w0 _0 M# t) d" o" j
  要是他当时试图离开这个国家,他就会在边界被阻拦。(但他并未这样做。)# k' O7 I# @$ ?$ c6 q) Q/ o3 q- l
  基本形式可能的变化形式
/ M5 w1 I4 p# Q- {( ?8 w- q, T5 u  1 可以用could或might而不用would:
) `; Y. d( {; [" h1 O) n0 @  If we had found him earlier we could have saved his life.- j( J- x, P% H; w
  要是我们那时早点找到他的话,我们会把他救活的。(能力)
9 z! ^, j; V5 _' t9 q  If we had found him earlier we might have saved his life.
" O1 H! |, x& T' \1 p5 X  要是我们那时早点找到他的话,我们可能会把他救活的。(可能性)) u" A9 g1 S: M
  If our documents had been in order we could have left at once.3 U' X8 V; E, c- J
  要是我们的证明文件都齐备的话,我们那时就能够马上走。(能力或允许)6 k# S$ y2 Q$ D' N
  2 可以用条件完成进行时:
  E8 d8 x! }' J! n  At the time of the accident I was sitting in the back of the car,because Tom’s little boy was sitting beside him in front.If Tom’s boy had not been there I would have been sitting in front.
+ b; Z( P! U) c$ k  M$ K4 D' [  事故发生的时候,我坐在车子的后座,因为汤姆的小儿子坐在前边他的身旁。要是汤姆的孩子没坐在那里的话,我就会坐在前面了。. L5 J; a$ S6 t
  3 可以在if从句中用过去完成进行时:2 @6 B* m( p% E3 ^& w8 t6 D
  I was wearing a seat belt.If I hadn’t been wearing one I’d have been seriously injured.
5 t) u$ S# N+ J# W  我当时系了安全带。要是没有系上的话,我就会受重伤了。- o( b9 v4 q! |. a
  4 可以把类型2和类型3结合起来:! w0 R$ k; y2 Q6 e$ l& D0 H! }: c& V
  The plane I intended to catch crashed and everyone was killed.If I had caught that plane I would be dead now/I would have been killed.
' d; W1 [6 I) `. y  我原想赶乘的那架飞机坠毁了,所有乘客都遇难身亡。要是我赶上了那架飞机,我也就没命了/我就会摔死了。(类型 3)2 Q# P+ J) d% `1 j6 m8 J. C
  If I had worked harder at school I would be sitting in a comfortable office now;I wouldn’t be sweeping the streets.0 y6 u. ?$ S% i5 n# I7 u6 ?
  要是在上学时学习再努力一些,我现在就会坐在舒适的办公室里,而% S5 A* o: ]3 p6 e1 f6 T2 Q8 n
  不会是在扫大街了。(但我上学时不努力,因而我现在在扫大街。)
. e4 |2 o8 X8 Y. S/ ?9 w: M  j  5 had可以位于句首并省略if:% u. U. m4 G* i  ?
  If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened.相当于:, M9 U8 \2 X, f5 X0 c! A' ~' k5 f
  Had you obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened.
6 ^4 n. s* m9 T$ D* E3 R7 `" Q3 t: d  要是你当时服从了命令,这场灾难就不会发生了。
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