be通常用来表示人或物的存在,或提供有关情况:
# v. j: }) i' p% t+ ~2 \" f1 r Tom is a carpenter.
( E: K2 L( _ `9 h# d 汤姆是木匠。# c8 b0 ]9 [' \( d& P: a! a, N
The dog is in the garden.
$ c* [( x" @+ O& P 那只狗在花园里。
0 y! K3 Y3 @4 V8 G Malta is an island.# R- n2 B \) [; l- G
马耳他是一个岛国。
7 l7 z1 n# Z/ u4 J: B4 \3 z. M The roads were rough and narrow.
& @4 O% y! y/ _* ? 道路既崎岖又狭窄。
& g( |1 k/ ?0 @ Z6 X$ \0 D- C+ P4 s Gold is a metal.: v/ G% |; C7 d( O' |+ X
金是一种金属。
4 H/ t. v( I( x' D" i Peter was tall and fair.. g* F: a8 R, s8 \7 T1 l0 \: P
彼得身材高大,皮肤白皙。# R1 ]* b X( V9 f. ~
be可以用来表示身体和精神状况:
- I+ I% |- Z) \7 ]4 Q! }. A I am hot/cold.
; J, ?0 d" j* ?' p 我感到热/冷。$ H" E* |1 Z5 }' b; N7 k9 C
He was excitnd/calm.
3 w, p+ O. J$ N 他激动/冷静。
8 F( b1 |6 Z8 M* [5 `: A% S4 j- d- b: R They will be happy/unhappy.
. `( m# V* V2 o3 u6 } 他们会感到愉快/不快。
# G' l+ R: V0 b: }# t be和某些形容词例如quiet/noisy,good/bad,wise/foolish等连用时可以用进行式,如Tom is being foolish(汤姆此刻正在说傻话或做傻事),意指主语此刻正在表现出这种特征。试把这个句子与Tom is foolish(汤姆很愚蠢)相比较。后一句意指汤姆在言谈和行动上总是愚蠢的。同理:
3 I N1 k4 H( n- ]. _$ a* [7 _ The children are being quiet.
5 _. `: P/ V. ?/ ?# f9 D 孩子们现在不吵不闹。相当于:
+ p: V; E: u' }# R- T( k They are playing quietly now.
+ [! C0 ~9 ~ N- \ 他们在安静地玩着。% ?6 S! v; C9 g8 Z0 [! _- P
但如果说The children are quiet,则可能意指孩子们平时总是安静地玩。; v: B9 F! E& R' C8 V
另外一些形容词也可以用于进行式:
9 k d- @( @( U2 | annoying generous/mean& J2 a& \ S {, u
cautious/rash helpful/unhelpful
! a. r5 t& k/ B. w0 S1 t clever/stupid irritating
H! C4 G! Q6 C& }( H# C/ N' } difficult mysterious9 ?' N' V! S0 u: [1 x* w0 u: l
economical/extravagant optimistic/pessimistic
3 c" d% o# \+ J) p formal polite
2 r+ N$ p/ D! q funny selfish/unselfish. S' a$ _! N5 l8 k! h Z. ~8 t
其中有些形容词如 stupid,difficult,funny,polite等用于进行式时,可以意味着主语有意这样做。
& |3 E1 M* y) T/ `5 F% H You are being stupid(你有意装傻)可以意指 You are not try-ing to understand(你不想努力弄懂)。 ~* d* l. p$ z {
He is being difficult(他故意犯别扭)通常意味着 He is raising unnecessary objections(他正在提出一些不必要的异议)。( d& Q' P$ B4 M! D2 B0 s2 N
He is being funny(他在故意做出滑稽可笑的样子)通常意味着He is only joking.Don’t believe him(他只是开玩笑,不要相信他)。5 ^% N+ D- {+ [+ f: H6 ~/ k
She is just being polite(她只是做出有礼貌的样子)可能意指She is only pretending to admire your car/clothes/house等(她装做表示羡慕你的车子/衣服/房子等)。$ y$ }1 _- e! {* Q/ e u
表示年龄:1 `6 u1 G9 r7 n/ N' }
-How old are you?( c8 ]& M! F: ~3 p' i( s
-I am ten./I am ten years old.. R$ Y# b, c6 [4 e" K
-你多大岁数?1 W. c9 h9 P; z0 [
-我十岁了。(但不能说:I am ten years.)$ K3 Z% b) \. u# P
-How old is the tower?
/ S8 X( K1 K0 ?, x0 ~; S( ^& B -It is 400 years old.
+ Q" m9 P# p5 I5 o7 X -那座塔有多少年历史了?7 X3 c) w* `! T7 g) G2 j# x
-它有400年的历史了。(在说明事物的年代多久时,必须用years old。)" j. Y) }, Q- d
表示尺寸和重量:( \6 i/ Q. Q( ?# v; @8 b* k
-How tall are you?/What is your height?
i6 C5 ~1 q% ? -I am 1.65 metres.$ W5 J/ G8 }9 M- g9 f
-你有多高?
# [8 `7 s6 F8 N! c$ s' |: q -我一米六五。6 T {- _) V4 N2 Q; _1 k5 V# b
-How high are we now?
8 b! L4 ^. R6 G, v( H9 A -We’re about 20, 000 feet.
4 Q% Y! P# X# ^; `8 U) D -我们现在的飞行高度是多少?/ H& F4 C- }) Z/ V
-大约两万英尺。
# n1 [( s) o7 T& H8 o -What is your weight?/What do you weigh?How much do you weigh?% W% D" m. W! W* ~
-I am 65 kilos./I weigh 65 kilos.
' D" ~8 V" h3 e -你体重多少?
+ d9 p) k( ?* B# J' N -我65公斤。$ g) \* V+ r! |. R4 m
表示价格:0 Y# }( y8 B2 O7 {% A, L0 T; K
-How much is this melon?/What does this melon cost?
, }5 h# ~' p( u" j -It’s £1.
4 ^9 @! i, n1 J) I t! r G; A -这甜瓜怎么卖?
, l9 H# n0 x5 Q% o! F) E* Z -一英镑。
; p( k, i0 e3 h' a# p3 }+ D The best sats are(=cost)£5.
9 p' W# a4 m: R% C2 N( L' X 最好的座位的票价是五英镑。 |