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[托福语法] 2010年托福考试语法题笔记3

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
 1. Bubbles, flaws, and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass, _________ the glass sparkle.$ A# {4 L7 L9 M% ^9 L3 _, u) G
  A. which making
& M. i) |5 O$ v3 x2 N1 R6 g  B. and making/ g4 \% c8 Q( j% j! l. q; |
  C. making
' J! M. H8 N; C3 W1 k6 ~1 }  D. to making
: \' n  ^7 k8 e/ L- d! A$ C9 o  答案:C- `- S( L# N1 z4 D+ Z8 t, w" m
  分析:空格前的句子结构完整,这里的分词作状语。A中用which来引导非限制性定语从句,而句中无谓语,错;B中and作为连接词,而and后的句子不完整,没有谓语,错;D错,不定式的结构应该是to do.
/ S% G5 X* R- u  m. q  参考译文:气泡,裂纹和其他的不规则会使光线穿过受损的玻璃时发散开,使得玻辽练⒐狻?BR>  补充: stained glass常指教堂的彩色玻璃
' Y( \: m) v2 r9 R  j  2. Fog is common near ________ _ inland bodies of water and along coasts in temperate zones.
! R* J9 A9 y9 f2 Y( {, X; {/ t4 g  A. there are large/ _* }3 @& U5 k( s3 M  [
  B. large
. u# q* |  H: N( l# F0 B- S  C. either large8 O! q/ u$ C9 s! o
  D. where large5 |3 Y5 M9 o4 n  l4 m6 ~" O- l! Y
  答案:B) A  f% L# B! U. U
  分析:A使得句中出现两个谓语动词,且中间无连接词,错;C应该是either… or…结构,但句中没有出现or;D中where引导的句子不完整,错。! s4 U  u! B* G: o4 ~
  参考译文:雾通常在靠近大型内陆水体和沿着温和地带边缘的地方发生。$ x  j- q9 u0 e
  3. The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes it _________ valuable source of history.
$ H2 b! L! b, o" D  A. and a
7 r! }$ r4 G* t' k  B. so that a# Q( W( k2 O2 J: N. N
  C. a9 W0 W8 Q, w1 T' L
  D. is a
3 f5 y. q/ M# C% w4 V  答案:C* u7 X1 b! }$ [) l  R* w  i
  分析:make结构,make+n.1/pron+n.2/adj.% A- q: Q9 P% L2 b1 n2 ?* T, o
  参考译文:描述日常生活的民间艺术品使它们本身成为有价值的历史来源。
: K3 J3 m( X3 F2 K, W' j  4. _______ by the United States government's Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Consumer Price Index compares current costs of goods and services with past costs.
0 P8 z- g* i( O; a3 @  A. To prepare
1 L5 Z/ _9 o' f' T7 v  B. As it prepared
, a" W) L* @0 ]9 g: Z2 G  C. When preparation
" S+ Y$ E' O+ E5 T% m  D. Prepared
& o! [8 e( P( t  o/ U! ]  答案:D
/ I/ x5 l# V  Z* n" y: a+ t  分析:由后半句可以知道句子的逻辑主语应该是Consumer Price Index, 而且空格后是by,所以应该用被动形式,只能选D.: t/ E+ ]$ e, Q% u: v1 E. k
  参考译文:消费者价格索引是美国政府劳工统计部完成的,它把现在的物品价格跟以前的做了比较。
. g* F4 k4 |7 }8 `  5. _________ carries the genes, which determine the hereditary characteristics of the cell or organism." _4 R: [; j3 ]' G
  A. The chromosome
& x$ a- m5 M  Q4 `; G* f; M  B. The chromosome that
/ T5 v; K2 s  U$ x  C. Whereas the chromosome
# r) B1 o; I4 M! f  D. There is a chromosome
/ s6 w: Z! f0 y5 B. N) M& n  答案:A
! c9 l9 W2 ]/ j9 i2 n  分析:该句是非限制性定语从句,前半句已经有谓语和宾语,缺主语,选A.$ |& Z  K7 O% u: N2 c
  参考译文:染色体携带了遗传物质,这些遗传物质决定了细胞和生物体的遗传特性。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:40 | 显示全部楼层

2010年托福考试语法题笔记3

 6. _________ directly with most metals to form compounds called carbides.$ I  I  R$ j3 ?3 \& R0 c
  A. Carbon reacting
+ S6 [7 N% P2 G& @  B. Carbon reacts
& p* E8 O; k9 |4 N  C. The reaction of carbon
; B6 j- ^/ V3 ?( M4 w8 }  D. When carbon reacts
+ r$ c; [# J- y  答案:B$ W% e$ f9 r; I7 Z# x
  分析:从句意来看,called在这里不是谓语动词,而是分词做后置定语:…… which are called carbides.空格中缺主语和谓语,选B.0 ]7 O1 X- T* o# ]( Q* a5 e5 j; U
  参考译文:碳直接跟大部分金属反应而形成碳化物的化合物。( c# O" X/ }' g& w* g5 U+ x/ f8 t
  7. Meteorites are slowed down by Earth's atmosphere, but if they are moving _________, they can form a crater on impact.
# s$ m% h: `' z6 W  A. enough fast
- b' F5 e. h% W  B. fast enough8 J- i9 z) ]9 ?9 k: [: z6 h( C
  C. so fast enough* _$ W" j+ P. N8 f; T
  D enough are fast* [! E0 E2 J- P' j8 C! O; r
  答案:B9 E9 ^0 M. J6 s- e6 Q/ R: q5 Y
  分析:enough的用法,固定顺序:adj.+enough* P1 h9 A; }% t
  参考译文:陨石受地球大气阻挡而慢下来,但如果他们移动的足够快,他们能在撞击后形成一个大坑。% s: Y" Y8 o- E: H8 u
  8. Located at the upper end of each________ an adrenal gland, an integral part of the endocrine system.
8 U2 a8 Q# {' s  A. kidney which is2 g& |3 m* N  L$ U6 `: i
  B. kidney is: D, ?3 J) I' z) Z; |& {0 [6 X
  C. kidney being
% D3 V5 N  ~( H1 S7 k  D. kidney" c% _9 x, L4 D: e; o
  答案:B8 l3 `1 Z4 ?, j. Y0 f
  分析:该句为简单句,而且使用了倒装形式,原句为:An adrenal gland, an integral part of the endocrine system is located at the upper end of each kidney.! C7 `5 }$ O; W
  参考译文:肾上腺是内分泌系统的一个完整的部分,它位于肾的上端。1 G, s% ?3 m) [6 Z" f, j
  9. About 75 percent of all cadmium is used for cadmium plating of _________ such as iron and steel.# h& ^( i* ?8 d
  A. easily corroded metals
! O% i. c& r+ J8 J! ~  S  B. metals are easily corroded9 F7 s- i  t3 T* v  T( \
  C. corroded metals that easily
9 p' j3 D4 o! O1 s- Q% G1 B  V2 Z- M  D. how easily metals corroded
; c- n- X! `) c  答案:A
1 p; m; W9 O# `# v# h  分析:B中的are多余,否则句中出现两个谓语,错;C中的that引导定语从句,而从句缺谓语,错;用法错误,of后一般接名词。% }* ]' S0 @3 \$ {6 z3 A0 m6 W
  参考译文:75%的所有镉金属都用来对类似铁、钢的容易腐蚀的金属进行镉镀膜了。4 L) ?$ l) B* ^1 m* ]
  10. An atom is a basic structural unit of matter, the smallest particle of an element _________ into chemical combination.
8 M; ~3 M% m1 w: J9 M/ T; X7 v  A. that can enter9 ?) u' i& H. A. w: G) n
  B. can it enter" {6 z& R! i* z6 Y; |9 Q
  C. when entering it can( I, P! a: H( J* v: Z' |7 `
  D. that enters can
' d0 f4 _) I% T- m- ?  答案:A7 e4 |4 F4 l8 S0 p" r/ J8 }5 D
  分析:that引导定语从句,element为先行词。the smallest particle of an element 是 a basic structural unit of matter的宾语同位语。
" ?6 R& x, X3 Z; Y2 X  参考译文:原子是物体的基本结构单元,是元素形成化学组合特性的最小的颗粒
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