be通常用来表示人或物的存在,或提供有关情况:
/ T% u& {0 X5 d Tom is a carpenter.
: H0 f9 o. a6 Q4 N8 D4 ` 汤姆是木匠。5 S6 s- {" i3 r7 x2 Z% M
The dog is in the garden.
' z$ k9 W+ r/ a4 W) S 那只狗在花园里。
) g8 ~" F( E; b3 R Malta is an island." ~, R3 n5 P7 ^: i9 O# ~4 P0 }
马耳他是一个岛国。8 T6 K$ m8 s( j4 D" P% C" K1 T
The roads were rough and narrow.
+ A. ~' _; G% ^* A* y 道路既崎岖又狭窄。+ U0 I0 N; n8 }& A5 ]+ q1 M
Gold is a metal. o" O$ D" }1 a4 A1 j
金是一种金属。 W& d" ^0 ]! K% L5 ^$ k+ _
Peter was tall and fair.: R. x+ |1 M. g5 ^3 Z9 m! B5 O0 n
彼得身材高大,皮肤白皙。% z( i6 {, q. S& G
be可以用来表示身体和精神状况:0 Y& S8 b$ b( z
I am hot/cold.
, T# w4 `, U3 P( U: A 我感到热/冷。
! w4 t& E2 S+ T& H He was excitnd/calm.+ U- }$ G7 l0 @
他激动/冷静。$ U% I9 x6 G& d& y2 z+ W
They will be happy/unhappy.0 K/ @/ Z% t, |! {
他们会感到愉快/不快。
% C/ G9 c& T: m I. W% N be和某些形容词例如quiet/noisy,good/bad,wise/foolish等连用时可以用进行式,如Tom is being foolish(汤姆此刻正在说傻话或做傻事),意指主语此刻正在表现出这种特征。试把这个句子与Tom is foolish(汤姆很愚蠢)相比较。后一句意指汤姆在言谈和行动上总是愚蠢的。同理:/ W' u7 q! Q& l8 o$ D0 Z/ C
The children are being quiet.
' |' L; z& s/ q 孩子们现在不吵不闹。相当于:
( z7 \$ X% Z' Z9 f* @6 l0 @ They are playing quietly now.* |1 V5 z! Y2 h5 q
他们在安静地玩着。
( y$ a4 r4 u. d& U6 H4 ^ 但如果说The children are quiet,则可能意指孩子们平时总是安静地玩。% }+ V) I) `* B5 {
另外一些形容词也可以用于进行式:' S& a, M9 ^4 H, m- G0 o6 m l
annoying generous/mean
* f0 }6 y. v4 f l/ f; Y2 d cautious/rash helpful/unhelpful3 ^) J1 d* g% G1 \) d. A
clever/stupid irritating
, j3 G* _- y% I1 W s9 R6 D7 [: v difficult mysterious& D: i0 V& `4 j! E _
economical/extravagant optimistic/pessimistic
. b- x6 J. x0 R% I$ f; i formal polite* z" L" `* C0 F6 P$ ?& \- K
funny selfish/unselfish
/ U' Q5 q6 O$ ?3 ]5 _; D 其中有些形容词如 stupid,difficult,funny,polite等用于进行式时,可以意味着主语有意这样做。
0 c8 h: E E) m1 z( e You are being stupid(你有意装傻)可以意指 You are not try-ing to understand(你不想努力弄懂)。5 M0 X$ f, q( S$ {5 ^& w
He is being difficult(他故意犯别扭)通常意味着 He is raising unnecessary objections(他正在提出一些不必要的异议)。
0 x( a0 G# W, @% f9 D+ G He is being funny(他在故意做出滑稽可笑的样子)通常意味着He is only joking.Don’t believe him(他只是开玩笑,不要相信他)。8 }8 r# H+ m- @7 Z4 `
She is just being polite(她只是做出有礼貌的样子)可能意指She is only pretending to admire your car/clothes/house等(她装做表示羡慕你的车子/衣服/房子等)。6 M C( p' U+ s! P7 j; |
表示年龄:
7 g" v4 K) v7 S8 M$ w* e -How old are you?
c: T" ^" E6 l* D3 ^ -I am ten./I am ten years old.3 Y9 P" b0 q! {. T3 l6 `, J
-你多大岁数?8 t7 E, I" l: J
-我十岁了。(但不能说:I am ten years.)
& p9 L/ o$ G j' z- ~ -How old is the tower?3 S Y" K5 _+ F- \+ B5 ~5 c3 N
-It is 400 years old.) \: o5 } x* J7 r
-那座塔有多少年历史了?9 q* [; y/ A( ^/ k+ ?
-它有400年的历史了。(在说明事物的年代多久时,必须用years old。); u, z7 c& {/ ?4 i/ o2 g l* G
表示尺寸和重量:( } t7 R2 q0 e# z$ F1 F
-How tall are you?/What is your height? X5 `* p o$ C- ^
-I am 1.65 metres.
, u3 i, g! Q5 V) e -你有多高?0 R* ~4 z2 G/ U U6 k+ X
-我一米六五。, c d" E3 O- i# H+ k
-How high are we now?
9 c& }, o) u* ^ -We’re about 20, 000 feet.
; H2 ~5 i0 X" u: Y -我们现在的飞行高度是多少?
. K; U! z+ i/ N# u$ D! @ -大约两万英尺。
4 h0 X9 L. Q) g8 t% T -What is your weight?/What do you weigh?How much do you weigh?; l7 O7 N( h4 `. L3 _) c) `
-I am 65 kilos./I weigh 65 kilos.
3 b8 J# K+ }2 h$ p -你体重多少?
& r, I3 r8 v3 Z$ [1 c -我65公斤。+ V v: J' j1 O4 @; b) T& P2 q( D
表示价格:5 C% ]1 x4 y6 j, e
-How much is this melon?/What does this melon cost?
4 g8 z6 B. d# B, j -It’s £1.
: \5 J/ a7 o; ]4 t7 C* e( m$ _, n -这甜瓜怎么卖?
# Q* ^: f! _% v8 R: f -一英镑。
" Y7 Z J' |" u. X$ A The best sats are(=cost)£5.
+ x6 t2 r+ ~7 ~4 H 最好的座位的票价是五英镑。 |