冠词(缺失与多余为重点和难点)
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1. a与an的区别 (发音而非字母)
$ l' K1 m, s/ u7 f) X8 K an: herd undergraduate understanding oyster honest
1 c" Y& I3 M- I" } a : unique university unite yawn
( U$ K; v9 R" k" k/ C8 J 2. a与复数名词的混用
0 U T. n& E$ j5 M* M/ f0 J an outstanding methods.( W2 b' e i3 L. e# y/ E9 a& A
3. 不定冠词a的遗漏
( o7 }; a. e( g- e* | (1)固定短语中a的遗漏" \+ b, E' R. \" z" f- r5 u
a set of, a piece of, a variety of, a series of,
" @$ {" }3 n& f a collection of , a wide range of
; c. g1 H, g6 E0 C( x6 t6 Y$ W a wealth of + 不可数名词(information)
, T" X( A# U. K2 m/ w, A) S (2)强调可数名词的单数概念9 m' L: x' Q; f* f
且无其它限定词,必须用不定冠词
( n7 U1 t7 ~, w; y+ y G$ L+ _ 也就是说,单数可数名词前必须有限定词
7 H* r" H8 ?' M2 l: }$ I$ y5 H0 g * v+单数可数名词 错
- g) V. B7 t" |5 b$ |. Y% m! A' j6 @ prep+单数可数名词 错- i: f, m4 X5 H! X$ R
of humid area area可数,所以错
/ Z+ E0 v- H4 Z4 t% [1 I) P of prize fighter fighter可数,所以错
9 e Q% j$ `' F+ T3 N% D of raindrop 亦然1 a5 N) d+ y4 | s ?# T9 r
例外:a. a part of= part of, {5 _& O8 W$ I" g
part 永远对
l( k1 }# V% s9 o5 S' ] b. 表示职务、身份、亲属关系的词可以单独使用
U5 F- L0 E0 `: n p Little Bush, son of George Bush, is running" S' J; ]/ l9 z
for the office of president.4 G6 J, B. o- p1 {* W3 p; L, @6 `. \3 I
c. 表示“种类”名词后所接noun可单独使用
0 T- U" L2 x) y! c) [ type of , kind of, sort of
/ F* v# k- k! W& A d. 表示某一方面的名词可单独使用
9 c- [% m) M% i All cells differ in function, in size, in color, in shape.$ i$ H4 E! N- f3 v) c/ Y
(B)定冠词 (the ,表特指)& g, z- e7 Z9 H4 ^# D
the astronomy, the nitrogen, the iron, in the histroy,
; X! n: w! R. \4 j* T A" F x in the nature, of the human hoby, on the right side7 d- a" s% y: e. |
这些名词前都不能加the
- {( T- c# z% a0 m3 e! ] 1. 表示“独一无二”的事物
# p1 b3 |, Y- I- f! _4 | y2 d the Great Wall, the Sun, the Moon, the Earth
, w" l( {- ] P; p4 u+ o% t 2. 关于序数词* y: `8 c/ q8 E! ^; N
* 序数词只有作定语修饰noun,才必须加the, m' V- ]( B. l6 Q
年代:in the serventeenth century* ?( l: d, ]/ G# C) u1 b
排序:the eight(h) element (is)....../ U+ D+ Q) g( k1 R+ C
* 序数词考两点:a. 加不加the% ~# A' F( m. q4 |: ]/ F- N; B* K
b. 是eight或eithth (单词)" O: w6 s9 U! D) Y
陷阱: a. Utah ranks first among...6 N4 n# `+ @4 G. Y# l
b. A is second only to B.1 F$ Q8 c; x. {: [ u
3. adj.最高级作前置定语修饰noun,才必须加the.5 S4 o% y1 m0 M0 A- f9 z7 Z6 M
the most desolate region(S)- N0 P& W8 G. X' M7 M Z
the most ... area(s)# \3 W1 k3 k* @
adj+est 后可以是复数。
: S5 Z6 F$ i# z7 @ 4. 四大洋,河流,湖泊前必须加the
) ?4 a5 i; f4 n+ D Winds from the Atlantic Ocean
. a- ~ H1 x7 i+ s1 u" a! R( p! U) h6 I8 H 5. “人体” the human body
. [% `+ ~4 T) `3 A" J* W- B! t, x “普通人” the average person
. }$ B3 r7 n: ~/ g$ n the common person |