一、主谓一致
: u! i& Z; f+ E- R6 t1 B 1. 主谓的分隔原则* q: X' D- q4 d: A- k
S, ---,VO
- O p) f' ?4 L- H 主谓之间可以用定从及省略形式的定从分隔
; H9 _8 F9 z9 N# |" H0 } * 主谓一致与主语同位语无关4 f: P* g( ]# J3 o7 y/ w
2. 定语从句中的主谓一致1 u* d( ^: G6 p& F/ i
...noun.+that/which+V
9 f2 {- i! Q, ?, H2 y0 Q' }5 Q * that, which并不反映单复数& W# {. ~8 Z5 p4 [
one of 复n + that/which + 复V' r5 T# k: v$ j& N4 k* N
the only one of 复n + that/which + 单V5 _6 w# S5 A6 h
3. 随前一致' c/ o" N. ^7 i3 u: g* z u$ q
together with, as well as, with, including, of
/ g* x# n7 @, t) q; Q6 k 4. 随后一致
* X% u1 l- {& `- ?( X not 单n. but 复n. + 复V
" y3 ?: F$ E- [. Q% A not noly 单n. but also 复n. + 复V
0 U5 F( e( ~2 u5 ^% c( ~7 Q4 ^! q 5. 就近一致) m; Y4 T0 U5 j# ~6 p
单n. or 复n.
8 K/ J1 _. p- \; M9 y) W- G either 单n. or 复n.
! g- T# H1 T3 {1 O4 B* I+ V2 }. g6 i6 J- H neither 单n. nor 复n.! X& l; `% P! Q7 X6 M2 p) c6 A
is he or we... 对
& k4 z# G# l0 W) e% S9 } D0 e9 x6 X8 ] he or we are... 对! ]5 P+ V$ b$ k' W0 `
6. 可数名词and可数名词+复数动词% }7 k2 ~9 q6 F' y: o
不可数名词and不可数名词+复数动词
+ M' G9 M7 W' }, }* D' E) l 例外：war and peace is/was: |# C: |8 c5 T4 ?. D1 _& v
black and white is/was
& q1 p7 n* e: H% p( X bread and butter is/was
, G3 b2 X& y( v8 q7 S: }3 A to love and to be loved is/was& `! P# {1 g. ^
7. 百分比结构
( e$ v3 s4 Z+ d1 X/ ` p7 z- o# o most, rest, half, majority, some, 50 percent, one percent
6 X. z4 F, {) l6 `0 D- K @ __+of+n.+V 由名词决定动词的单复数* D+ u& X" L) c# z$ P; S
8. 倒装句中的主谓一致
" j! Z1 k. [4 x. P There be...
0 h3 h* c6 O- Z, G between , among 等介词位于句首，即引起倒装' L' C2 g4 R$ ~
Between ...+ be + noun.
$ M* \: z3 A0 C/ e9 X Among...+ be + noun.: K" E' h- }0 Q- R* I
主 + 系 + 表! v3 [ e* P: a
主系关系要一致，系表关系可以不一致
) Y7 [! T3 c3 s* o l Y! r* u1 d 9. The+ adj.# b1 [# {4 X1 r
a. 表示“一类人”用复数V
- v, M. n9 {! f+ U% g The rich are ridiculous
( L: T6 |4 K4 b9 t+ W) p+ j% u b. 表示某一抽象概念
# S- O! V* a0 I" k The good is attractive
. ]2 V4 M/ G1 |2 ? 10. one of + 复数noun. + 单V; k6 ~, X1 g |7 ?) @ P
more than one 单数noun. + 单数V& ~+ E+ M3 r% O, n( y" M1 |
many a + 单noun. + 单V1 {# o- v7 @3 k0 E
a + 单noun. or + two + 单V: a day or two5 o) L6 K7 U, l T/ v0 j" c
news 单数 measles 不可数1 C# {. Q3 P% }( H' l4 x) \! z
the series 用is/are从上下文得出 |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
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