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[托福语法] 托福语法辅导:动词不定式及动名词要点解析

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题,但出题频率比较稳定,即不频繁,亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式,即(1)不定式to后面接原形动词,(2)动名词具有动词和名词两重功能,介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型
1 S/ O, u" j0 Q$ u, t) y  1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词
; t$ S0 _9 O+ y7 G/ T  全真例题分析
, C+ g) \* A) j4 m' B# v7 R& `  (1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)9 O/ ^8 {, i6 y) h( l) d  Q" B
  [答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。' f. l3 @3 h* n4 [+ O# S
  (2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)  z6 z: a/ v) A7 H
  [答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。
0 a' M( m: T1 l: k) y8 F$ I  (3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)
! V: _1 _' `2 Z9 y5 d4 n& f  [答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词,不能接名词。; Z& H7 Z4 w3 j! c  @1 X
  (4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)0 d- T6 H& ], T, P" a$ t& u
  [答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。
) V6 R- T' i4 o: U; A  2. 动词不定式作目的状语
) M' f6 n. `+ X" N2 K8 Q5 O4 h  解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分,目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1-15题)中。
4 [# B6 q/ m$ Z# ~/ p  T  全真例题分析
& }/ u) p: k7 K( \+ }  (1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .
# [/ d: O6 Y7 n; c) w1 w' g  (A) generating0 b" k: H. V. b
  (B) generates  Q9 ~8 T0 h6 W  u4 ^1 M' E9 Q
  (C) to generate
' r9 t3 q2 e" z& w  (D) it is generating
& T0 P/ j/ P7 C/ l  [答案] C 根据句意及结构,此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。
0 }7 l3 r+ l3 I$ g- ~" I7 G- i/ r- k  (2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.+ D( s, D  e( L( k1 a
  (A) Creates
2 g5 n- |. M# Z, q6 e2 ]; l  (B) Created
5 x4 J7 w) r/ L) _6 m. y  (C) The creating of& h, v# g- j! a. O) f$ N& R
  (D) To create (92.10)- |& w1 t4 E; I/ _
  [答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。
) y( l& P: z, f" Q- J5 }( ~  (3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
1 I5 O7 s' s/ U6 c5 a  (A) Saved/ p) ^: v. \8 C% j* B; L
  (B) Saves
0 B: `, ~1 b4 x0 [  (C) To save
4 x! v; [  t" m, O5 B% C! m$ ?6 B  (D) The saving (91.5)
6 q! }4 u: K. ?( K% z, x  [答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语,且放在句首表示强调。5 [7 p0 u) n4 L0 k2 C7 L4 _, _5 l( ?
  3. 动名词的正确用法
/ P- ~+ k: a7 h7 s; a  解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多,但有一个常出现的题型;介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式,作介词的宾语。& r* W8 k; ~: g/ A2 ?
  全真例题分析
( N. |" \0 J- q  (1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)
$ d9 ^( L5 ^2 \* s* e  [答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式,即of preparing。$ E. K+ u. Z7 Q4 K. I! I' e
  (2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)
: @9 z+ j7 v* }, d" D  [答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面,故应改为动句词jamping。
+ M; f" u* W0 H/ w! m0 i  (3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)
: s& u: }7 R1 z  N. _5 m  [答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面,故应改为动名词releasing。
6 E/ g8 S4 F& |  (4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)+ r' X0 L2 h$ I) M7 {4 Q$ r& R
  [答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语,自身又带宾语reality。
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