托福语法辅导:托福语法全攻略(3)
8 s+ O- H+ G# @ u) @* e G考点二 their等物主代词 1.物主代词是常见的名词限定词, 其后既可接可数名词的单复数(his pen, his pens)又可接不可数名词(his time), 但不可与其他的限定词同时出现(部分数词除外), 例如:不能说no my car, my no car,但是可以说 My two red cars" H9 d8 v0 [2 g. |0 I
2.英语中许多习惯用法在表示特指时都用物主代词而不用the, 为的是更突出所属关系,这在TOEFL中是一个常考的点2 `! W& k1 b7 b/ w
例如:Manufacutrers of consumer goods often change the styles of their products.
' A! b% C1 q5 L$ n- ^) k 这里用their 而不用 the
# u' u6 `, ~( j% y* ] 例题:7 r6 j- c8 j5 u) K+ D, k: h
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A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid the habits that might shorten the lives.% R& g- L0 O6 e
应改为: their
! ` L* e8 k, S. r2 Z4 b9 Z" t 解释: 定冠词the指代不清, 用物主代词their作名词lives的限定语更符合英语习惯, 还可突出lives 与people之间的所属关系
d) X- U. ?: Y; }: N) h3 N (2)
* W0 W" |2 Z( } A liquid is similar to a gas because has molecules are not fixed to each other in any specific way.
0 @% r0 d( T$ r: A2 \% m 应改为: its中 华 考 试 网
: z7 o# F1 \4 A o1 L 解释: has是动词, 不能修饰名词, 且与从句的谓语冲突, 依句意改为物主代词its作molecules的限定语
# w$ q* i" Z9 k9 F" i4 b: }1 i l6 Z 考点三 只接复数名词的限定词* z8 Q! N( d/ g" h; Z# N+ ^
a (large /small /great /considerable /remarkable) number of, a variety of, a set of, a few, 等表示数的固定词组之后总是接复数名词$ P9 N' ]4 s* S& u3 Q
例题:2 K# c( C7 `2 L7 m3 M
(1)
8 {" g; y# J$ v3 I0 C In mathematical terms, modern algebra is set of objects with rules for connecting or relating those objects.1 T3 d9 E% h/ W& N3 C7 t0 v9 j
应改为: is a set4 O- M# B0 ^* \) O w' |
解释: a set of是固定词组, 表示一套、一组, 后面接可数名词的复数, 与题中objects吻合, r/ R, s+ O3 j3 X! b% c5 B. p
(2)
% K9 ^- D$ `6 B7 b7 i At birth, an infant exhibits a remarkable number of motor response.0 U3 M, K" N8 K! [
应改为: responses
2 @" ~9 t$ [- ?1 n9 ]) s7 j 解释: 短语a number of 后面要求接可数名词的复数, number前可加某些形容词如great, considerable, remarkable, small 等表示a lot of 或 a few8 }% n4 b1 O, [. M# G: c- ~
注意 “the number of” 和 “a number of”的区别
% E1 `; {- M+ |1 o0 v1 ] The number of boys in Class Five is 25. (五班男孩的数目是25,后面谓语动词用单数)- X/ j" p9 G4 e8 x9 e7 L& k+ T
A small number of families are able to afford an apartment. (少数家庭能够买得起一套住房, ) |