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[托福语法] 2011年托福考试备考资料:语法笔记(3)

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  1. Bubbles, flaws, and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass, _________ the glass sparkle.   A. which making
2 ^1 D/ S! P+ }( y# i% f' _% c5 `  B. and making
* [# K' f$ @2 c  C. making
5 G2 {6 p  C/ ~9 E5 y  D. to making
, L  E" G  A% y2 u6 k" X! T( W  答案:C
3 K3 u* I+ ]/ r5 `& J, v$ H  分析:空格前的句子结构完整,这里的分词作状语。A中用which来引导非限制性定语从句,而句中无谓语,错;B中and作为连接词,而and后的句子不完整,没有谓语,错;D错,不定式的结构应该是to do.
8 v9 M% W2 D1 l  参考译文:气泡,裂纹和其他的不规则会使光线穿过受损的玻璃时发散开,使得玻辽练⒐狻?BR>  补充: stained glass常指教堂的彩色玻璃
0 K8 N* [5 C0 Y$ B4 b9 Q  2. Fog is common near ________ _ inland bodies of water and along coasts in temperate zones.
: ], E) G9 h/ N% w; [1 f0 Y$ f  A. there are large
  L" S: g: R* P! [" r; N6 P% l  B. large
2 e# k  R# {. Z  C. either large4 A1 }8 ~0 ?! s: {# ?
  D. where large4 s# M. r" ~: `% A1 @3 G
  答案:B" C; B9 q+ f2 M
  分析:A使得句中出现两个谓语动词,且中间无连接词,错;C应该是either… or…结构,但句中没有出现or;D中where引导的句子不完整,错。
. b4 r3 M) z0 _4 s7 f, n; b  参考译文:雾通常在靠近大型内陆水体和沿着温和地带边缘的地方发生。
6 @! L+ j3 @# D  3. The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes it _________ valuable source of history.
' H: N+ R) J3 g* t) G  A. and a
; y- T( b$ u' ]9 T3 \  B. so that a
" d1 v9 o  q+ d* z. y7 R2 D  C. a, j7 W8 u3 `' Q+ t: d  r! y
  D. is a
/ C- I* Y" r  }# [9 u- A: a! d9 D  答案:C
# V3 j+ J. V, B4 M6 q! R  R0 Z  分析:make结构,make+n.1/pron+n.2/adj.
. v! ?9 F0 W+ p) z  参考译文:描述日常生活的民间艺术品使它们本身成为有价值的历史来源。
) ^: k$ {0 P% [. d4 [7 N- ?- e  4. _______ by the United States government's Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Consumer Price Index compares current costs of goods and services with past costs.# T+ P" |4 [+ o3 D) B" K
  A. To prepare; y0 ^7 T) g8 R5 s4 m/ ]' @2 S
  B. As it prepared4 U# N" w- J% l
  C. When preparation3 [. Q  d: W6 Y; S( x2 |" M7 p
  D. Prepared9 s0 \5 k. L. B, C1 S
  答案:D, `( h5 A+ j6 s
  分析:由后半句可以知道句子的逻辑主语应该是Consumer Price Index, 而且空格后是by,所以应该用被动形式,只能选D.9 M  O" ^, f9 k0 i' ^+ Z
  参考译文:消费者价格索引是美国政府劳工统计部完成的,它把现在的物品价格跟以前的做了比较。
# m2 V$ Q* Y: c0 v  @  5. _________ carries the genes, which determine the hereditary characteristics of the cell or organism.
4 j# B$ w( {' T+ e  A. The chromosome7 [0 L# t8 w! t- w* y
  B. The chromosome that# `+ Y6 u  o, k% h9 I, n3 X0 u, K
  C. Whereas the chromosome
0 `* l4 a$ x8 X1 `( M2 X& D5 J  D. There is a chromosome
! r( |0 U, {0 }9 j- j" ~  答案:A4 |7 k! H0 d/ b; e4 ?1 q
  分析:该句是非限制性定语从句,前半句已经有谓语和宾语,缺主语,选A./ \" z5 x/ i5 `8 n# s7 X9 O8 a
# K3 J" X: ]9 Y# d: b; ?, A
  参考译文:染色体携带了遗传物质,这些遗传物质决定了细胞和生物体的遗传特性。
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 楼主| 发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:40 | 显示全部楼层

2011年托福考试备考资料:语法笔记(3)

</p>  6. _________ directly with most metals to form compounds called carbides.
- q6 E7 E0 N0 V) m3 v: ]# t  [) l+ ^* v, S  A. Carbon reacting
2 x' v+ z! Y9 @) }+ J: X3 _/ R9 i  B. Carbon reacts
1 {3 k- ]  W+ i0 K1 v# {  C. The reaction of carbon
% J1 G5 T1 E7 Y  H9 M' B  D. When carbon reacts
3 f8 E( B- h: s2 H/ M  答案:B' i2 Z0 w) _1 F
  分析:从句意来看,called在这里不是谓语动词,而是分词做后置定语:…… which are called carbides.空格中缺主语和谓语,选B.
; Q' x% d+ k3 K+ S8 Z5 U9 h  参考译文:碳直接跟大部分金属反应而形成碳化物的化合物。  X$ W+ |+ ~7 X! p( {% M3 V
  7. Meteorites are slowed down by Earth's atmosphere, but if they are moving _________, they can form a crater on impact.. P8 \1 J1 f" ?4 |3 S0 ~5 s0 l
  A. enough fast
# s( `" n% h- H) u0 T. K  B. fast enough3 h+ r  z% S7 u; s0 t
  C. so fast enough8 }& t: q. U5 k8 P; y
  D enough are fast+ _- ]6 m1 w6 ^1 O
  答案:B
- U( r6 W* x9 C* l' j5 B# h  分析:enough的用法,固定顺序:adj.+enough+ w- [0 _$ [6 F  N" g0 i
  参考译文:陨石受地球大气阻挡而慢下来,但如果他们移动的足够快,他们能在撞击后形成一个大坑。
# ]3 k7 r, Y; @& t8 W: `3 W  8. Located at the upper end of each________ an adrenal gland, an integral part of the endocrine system.
: |1 e# u6 Y" v5 c! L' W  A. kidney which is
  K  {" e8 b4 L) {/ S3 Z  B. kidney is. M! H) J* x8 z' h; G% @1 X
  C. kidney being
+ V+ ^$ J/ q) `. t4 l8 c" e  D. kidney
2 g1 y* Y( ~8 \0 Q9 P0 m. Y% `  答案:B
* \& v) q2 s& Y# X/ S& z  C& Q% a6 C  分析:该句为简单句,而且使用了倒装形式,原句为:An adrenal gland, an integral part of the endocrine system is located at the upper end of each kidney." ~9 u8 N3 X: k0 v& Y9 k8 r9 Q
  参考译文:肾上腺是内分泌系统的一个完整的部分,它位于肾的上端。
8 ]; v/ @5 ]; K9 L8 x9 g  9. About 75 percent of all cadmium is used for cadmium plating of _________ such as iron and steel.7 }$ ]/ `# p( r8 T3 y' B- ~) e
  A. easily corroded metals
0 l/ ^3 R4 Y, \& o  B. metals are easily corroded
9 f7 |2 M, k1 l% C- }4 M" f; h  C. corroded metals that easily* H/ i3 E4 r4 s& m- H0 `
  D. how easily metals corroded
, }, @$ R4 T7 S7 X9 P  答案:A, q2 E- T% A5 s
  分析:B中的are多余,否则句中出现两个谓语,错;C中的that引导定语从句,而从句缺谓语,错;用法错误,of后一般接名词。
; g# |6 \2 L6 Z. X  ]/ i$ b! o9 M  参考译文:75%的所有镉金属都用来对类似铁、钢的容易腐蚀的金属进行镉镀膜了。  t" O8 u$ y; b* w8 ], \
  10. An atom is a basic structural unit of matter, the smallest particle of an element _________ into chemical combination.7 k$ J% r' C9 e  x* x8 y
  A. that can enter
1 w9 P4 C* J& N" X  B. can it enter
0 q! `( Y1 g* I  C. when entering it can" P1 [9 e8 |2 l
  D. that enters can( e0 {5 J- |! M* u5 J) L! n0 W' S+ \
  答案:A$ \( q+ H/ i# O1 r6 y; X) g
  分析:that引导定语从句,element为先行词。the smallest particle of an element 是 a basic structural unit of matter的宾语同位语。1 v1 L# X5 @; R" P/ B
  参考译文:原子是物体的基本结构单元,是元素形成化学组合特性的最小的颗粒。
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