2011年托福考试备考资料：语法笔记(6)

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　　1. _________ denotes currency in circulation plus bank deposits. 　　A. The term “money supply”
; |  j8 Z  i: U　　B. The term is “money supply”
　　C. When the term “money supply”
　　D. “Money supply” is the term
% Z4 \' |5 P4 w/ E9 M. r　　答案：A
) h+ A7 b3 \: H6 Y. ]' V) |: h　　分析：缺主语。B，D中出现两个谓语，一定错。C中when多余，使得句子不完整。
: W# S7 p% n8 q: ^　　参考译文：术语货币储备是指流通货币加上银行存款。
7 f5 T6 F; M: f$ p2 i* V7 s　　2. The Franklin stove， invented around 1742， ________， originally with a partially open front， and was designed to fit into a fireplace.
　　A. was made of cast iron
/ w+ v- J2 ^  }6 a　　B. cast iron was made of
　　C. cast of iron was made
- m/ Y" x& e; z+ E0 k　　D. was of iron made cast
8 X+ h  [  Q; R  R& J8 H0 F　　答案：A
7 d, b/ d! i8 L+ u, S) K* ~+ P　　分析：invented around 1742为插入语，2个was为并列谓语。be made of 为固定搭配。
/ e: b" \3 w( }) i' \7 I7 M　　参考译文：Franklin火炉发明于1742年，是用铁浇铸的，原先前面可以部分打开，而且设计成能正好装进壁炉。
# `! g$ r& {1 y) \. A/ e　　3. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness _________.
　　A. having eaten
8 v' r  f- U' Z+ L! r8 G0 N　　B. that they are eaten
: m+ A; L# H; A0 L　　C. are eaten
　　D. when eaten
　　答案：D
　　分析：状语从句的省略结构。省略条件：由特定的状语从句引导词：although， though， even though， if， when， while， as， whether; 从句为主系表结构;从句主语和主句主语一致。省略方式：要同时省略主语和系动词。原句为：…… when mushrooms are eaten.

　　参考译文：吃了一些种类的蘑菇会造成死亡或重大疾病。

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</p>　　4. Some critics maintain _________ the mystery novel is a symbolic ritual of guilt and retribution.
　　A. is that
2 s) T& }1 c3 W) J( K　　B. that there is
& {8 d& w/ |% j# Q/ M* x5 o& x" C　　C. it is
　　D. that
' o3 R9 j0 a, ]2 S% o9 ]  H! Q　　答案：D
) a5 }$ _7 [$ [% i# }　　分析：that引导宾语从句。A，C中出现两个谓语动词，错;B中that引导的从句出现两个谓语动词，错。
　　参考译文：一些评论家认为神秘小说是罪与罚象征性的仪式。
　　5. _________ all cherry trees are very attractive when in bloom， some species with inferior fruit are cultivated especially for their flowers.
. J) [3 d/ O/ r. }! }) c　　A. Although
　　B. There are
0 B, `, H- N0 i9 I　　C. It is
　　D. That
5 Z) A. m  k9 v' L! z/ N4 d; F　　答案：A
# e0 t8 N# ~$ e' D! `) E6 m, s　　分析：后面句子完整，且出现了两个谓语动词，此处缺连接词。
　　参考译文：尽管所有的樱桃树在开花的时候都很美丽，但它们中的一些不结果的种类专门种植用来观赏他们的花的。
　　6. Usually pitched in the of C， _________ may be tuned to B flat by means of a slide.
# I( N+ x3 [5 R6 ~+ f2 C2 X　　A. the bugle
2 p" S2 F1 u8 L8 I　　B. because of the bugle
* r0 z: \" A) F3 y- f5 M　　C. the bugle that
; O+ m) `0 I5 |( k/ p. Z, z　　D. but the bugle
　　答案：A
　　分析：缺主语。
　　参考译文：通常音调为C大调的军号，可以通过滑动的方式平稳的吹出B调来。
　　7. With _________ formal art training and largely self-educated， Anna Mary Moses， known as Grandma Moses， began to paint rural scenes at the age of seventy-eight.
　　A. not
　　B. no
　　C. neither
1 ]( z! [% q: B5 C2 [# }! Z7 E+ c　　D. never
　　答案：B
　　分析：no修饰后面的名词training.
: U* @  N+ g1 g( D0 Y- b
. B5 E. m/ W& u( l　　参考译文：没有经过正常的艺术培训和广泛的自我教育，众所周知的Moses奶奶Anna Mary Moses78岁才开始画乡村风光。

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</p>　　8. A block and tackle is a _________ of pulley blocks and ropes used for pulling or hoisting large objects.
　　A. mechanical set special
　　B. set special mechanical
+ u$ W% U2 _( q0 e　　C. special mechanical set
+ W/ s# _9 \0 O- Z9 t. \0 A0 C　　D. special set mechanical
　　答案：C
. o" e) v% S, H+ \　　分析：固定搭配：a set of.;形容词修饰名词。
( S  ~  c8 q. A& U: ?9 G$ f　　参考译文：滑轮系统是一种特殊的机械装置，用滑轮和绳索来拉或提升大件的物品。
1 z% l* k6 U0 W# A+ A　　9. Although _________ instant critical acclaim in 1952， he never completed a second novel， publishing many short works instead.
　　A. Invisible Man was the first novel by Ralph Ellison received
' h) G: z6 j, u9 d+ s　　B. first received by Ralph Ellison， the novel Invisible Man was
　　C. Ralph Ellison's first novel， Invisible Man， received
　　D. Ralph Ellison's first novel， Invisible Man， was received
$ P. Q# s( v& M9 G* u% Z1 e/ b　　答案：C
! K& ^; ?, ]. r5 ]& r- h1 e　　分析：同位语结构，由句意应该用主动形式。
9 {# B- b. A* p) O- h" F, b　　参考译文：尽管Ralph Ellison的第一部小说《隐形人》在1952年得到了直接的赞誉，他却再也没有完成第二部小说，取而代之的是出版了很多短篇作品。
　　10. Sauropods had _________ smallest brains relative to body weight of any group of dinosaurs， yet they were among the most successful of all dinosaurs in evolutionary terms.
1 d* \3 b# {0 {. o( u, Q　　A. what was a
+ E: u) x: V" h* Q" y0 D8 U　　B. when a
% p/ }: J3 g% w; b' s　　C. of the
* ]; s1 k* F: P$ x1 m8 v　　D. the
　　答案：D
) u* W- k7 C4 q5 I  @/ N! \　　分析：adj. 最高级前一定要加the.
  Q" _. }% m1 a0 O3 Q　　参考译文：雷龙是恐龙群体中大脑对身体重量相比最小的一种，然而他们在进化过程中却属于最成功的恐龙之一。