所有格及of结构: u, A. D7 a; v4 v! q: l1 n j
考点一 词尾加 's或 ' 的所有格
7 y: J- Z! ]$ M$ i/ ~+ d 所谓名词所有格即表示名词之间所有关系的特殊结构, 其最普通的形式为: n. +'s,
$ r" Q/ ]! k% o( i$ m5 D 如: my mother's coat, the headmaster's home, the president's office 0 c( f/ T9 z) y3 `. J8 H7 l
如果原词结尾已有s, 则只要加 ' , % d. n1 k6 H: ]: @
如: the students' union, the ladies' room 9 G) @9 C) C# Y
例题:) A A' P% k6 e0 y
(1) * z) L. Q ?: g& @
It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes ----round shape into a teardrop shape.& A' {6 Z: Y" `
(A) of the drop + ^( |9 a0 |3 X# c+ f W
(B) the drop's
$ M0 X3 h. x% ` (C) drop of % g% C+ a& Q0 G' S8 G" D
(D) drops their
8 h4 Y; q5 g& ^- { 答案: (B) 3 c1 v. N9 o: W6 O7 m) d, j
解释: 此句包含由that引导的宾语从句, 从句谓语动词changes的宾语不完整, 据选项推知需要一个和round shape 搭配的表所属关系的词组, (B) 恰好构成所有格形式. 若选(A), 语序应为the round shape of the drop; (C) 所属关系颠倒; (D) 结构混乱
5 O9 x3 W. B4 i- K* _2 W( H8 @ (2) 1 o |% G# I$ B
Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event's ---- is equal to the probability that it will not occur.
: E6 C/ z. k4 d% o (A) occurs
. u. o- P: g1 ]( i2 E# v2 i (B) will occur
]) l& P7 N. f6 v3 X+ u" V( u+ g (C) can occur 3 n0 E/ U0 c: o: w5 A1 e
(D) occurring
: V2 k2 u5 `" V* t2 ^5 ? 答案:D
@% X. K8 L3 V% E 解释:句中已有谓语动词, 's只可能是名词所有格的标志, 后面自然应接名词性的结构, D之外的选项均可一次性排除
6 b( d& }" H/ E/ G" G 考点二 of结构
) ^; Q! H$ A6 Q. N) \ 所有格主要用于有生命的个体(人、国家或动物), 那么大多数无生命的物质或抽象概念间的所有关系,或者说凡是不能够加's的名词,都可用of结构构成短语来表示所有关系, 需要注意of前后都是名词(包括代词和动名词)1 k2 i, N: w. U; k# U4 l) ^
如: the title of the passage 来自www.Examw.com# a0 w" \$ N6 O# q/ f) m, p
例如:
" j }* x, A; ^, d3 m6 {7 @9 P (1) ) T- | [( b; b
James Whistler was indifferent to the titles of his painted and even changed the names of some works years after their completion.
% J3 k$ u- T0 b7 D) E 应改为: paintings+ y- Y: ? c! ~4 v8 Z( x5 K/ B
解释: of 之前是名词, 后面也需要一个名词共同构成表示所有关系的结构, 将分词painted改为名词, 这个词组的意思为他的画的题目
4 i) U, M/ I; v2 O0 e) Q; d+ E$ g (2)
7 k) V5 v4 U+ h7 |" q" B Muscular motion is caused by the stimulate of specific nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
9 F% i G3 t: L( x6 _: t& z% [; J 应改为: stimulation
& K- P6 K6 y- B3 G 解释: 定冠词the之后需要名词与of+n.(specific nerve cells)结构搭配表示所属关系, stimulate是动词, 应改为名词形式. |