所有格及of结构
# ]+ `9 B/ @9 k5 x 考点一 词尾加 's或 ' 的所有格
8 M3 l- A7 @+ `. S# C, w V9 N 所谓名词所有格即表示名词之间所有关系的特殊结构, 其最普通的形式为: n. +'s, , a ^% H7 c- F) o
如: my mother's coat, the headmaster's home, the president's office
7 M% u7 v4 N" ^, Z5 e0 Q 如果原词结尾已有s, 则只要加 ' ,
3 o# Y: _# r2 }9 n 如: the students' union, the ladies' room
4 L: ~6 I+ [7 l' @8 N 例题:
. l2 R1 @ g/ s9 N/ ^; X) b (1)
9 W2 k. {' f4 t2 ?& | It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes ----round shape into a teardrop shape.5 C8 g( N1 v e, ~8 M+ Q3 U! s
(A) of the drop
! U/ p* @, r( s0 \6 @ (B) the drop's * P* ~: U) H9 U, c1 B
(C) drop of
+ u% W% C4 S+ b4 z& P (D) drops their - b H( [3 S: x3 ^7 u
答案: (B)
E3 o# @, @$ t2 o5 | 解释: 此句包含由that引导的宾语从句, 从句谓语动词changes的宾语不完整, 据选项推知需要一个和round shape 搭配的表所属关系的词组, (B) 恰好构成所有格形式. 若选(A), 语序应为the round shape of the drop; (C) 所属关系颠倒; (D) 结构混乱 7 \, {! [) o. U$ d* d0 M/ v
(2)
; O9 R6 `) g+ B# U& f# Q0 h9 X Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event's ---- is equal to the probability that it will not occur.
/ d- W5 a/ [& F) A (A) occurs* F# u0 [; n% b5 h0 p5 j+ ~
(B) will occur
' f2 h* L" j$ l4 B (C) can occur
! \6 D- z7 \! U; H9 {& ^7 d (D) occurring 6 Q5 d) q/ ~- x* |7 o. ]
答案:D
! t f9 F$ a; e8 O- v7 Y( H 解释:句中已有谓语动词, 's只可能是名词所有格的标志, 后面自然应接名词性的结构, D之外的选项均可一次性排除" N. w* L" l* {! n
考点二 of结构) B# q6 Q# i2 w5 t! b: ]
所有格主要用于有生命的个体(人、国家或动物), 那么大多数无生命的物质或抽象概念间的所有关系,或者说凡是不能够加's的名词,都可用of结构构成短语来表示所有关系, 需要注意of前后都是名词(包括代词和动名词), K. M& e: v9 r! |, ]
如: the title of the passage 来自www.Examw.com( h5 V7 V# F! N1 q! A
例如:
* [/ A+ T$ q2 O; Y. k (1)
, |) }1 G. ? B# ^; S |5 c3 ?( M3 n James Whistler was indifferent to the titles of his painted and even changed the names of some works years after their completion.
1 w/ Z1 z6 O/ C8 t" C! ~ 应改为: paintings$ u/ B" I/ j, m4 s) {$ z2 _2 L
解释: of 之前是名词, 后面也需要一个名词共同构成表示所有关系的结构, 将分词painted改为名词, 这个词组的意思为他的画的题目. u+ B" G& S4 j: A" i
(2) 2 T. M1 B4 {1 D/ x2 j# z+ C
Muscular motion is caused by the stimulate of specific nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. ' p/ m$ ^0 F0 R# c5 w: S
应改为: stimulation
8 n, Y2 u$ I" Z5 x3 |! e 解释: 定冠词the之后需要名词与of+n.(specific nerve cells)结构搭配表示所属关系, stimulate是动词, 应改为名词形式. |