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[托福语法] 2012年托福考试语法辅导:容易混淆的词

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
容易混淆的词9 Z; y6 P' E1 z% H
  hard (努力,副词) -hardly (几乎不,副词) : e9 ^& r9 V- d1 H5 e. N
  close (接近,形容词) -closely(接近,副词)
5 |" F5 [% N* d5 Q+ C, P' w  h  near (接近,形容词) -nearly (几乎,副词), nearby (adj.邻近的)1 H9 y" G6 @8 M" _2 C% E& j
  most (大多数的,形容词) -mostly(主要地,大部分 副词)
0 y' t& `. n2 ~0 Y: N  [) k! g  late (迟、晚,形容词) -lately (最近,副词),later(adv.稍后的): ^+ h  i' ^. v% E' D5 P9 }
  high (高的,形容词) -highly (adv. 非常,大大的)
9 C2 k* S, N( u: \- w  另外: friendly(友好的), lovely(可爱的、有趣的),尽管词尾有ly, 但是都是形容词6 X: B/ ]$ S% J
  例题:
! r& O  D# }' _$ U  (1) 5 A8 @( V! Y* m: b" n6 u0 l( t
  Chief Joseph La Flesche, a vigorous Omaha leader, worked hardly to make his nation a proud and progressive one.. J, D6 S$ {: \5 z4 }2 ]; e
  应改为:hard
4 T6 `. M" b- Z% x. ~7 F! @; j  解释:hard和hardly都是副词,前者表示努力地,后者表示几乎不,依据题意应改用hard/ o+ O: S* |8 k3 H  O/ z
  词汇:vigorous: 精力充沛的,progressive: 进步的 ! i& N7 B. m% T# ^* o. i7 {
  (2) / o, w, L8 z7 d
  Glaciers that develop nearly the North and South Poles advance into the sea, break into pieces, and become icebergs.
, r, u- h1 p8 ~6 z- m" B' h% T  应改为:near
3 v8 ^5 X; r8 X3 F  解释:nearly是副词,意为几乎,在此句中讲不通,改为介词near才可与名词the North and South Poles构成地点状语* c0 a4 X! g" l3 i  m0 l
  词汇:glacier: 冰河, iceberg: 冰山 ( h; M. e* k6 h. E2 R9 n* A
  (3)
, c7 M% f: e( y5 I: F3 w  Those electrons most closely to the nucleus are held there by electromagnetic force." V, t- p  S' g5 l. ]; F
  应改为:most close7 v0 K& w5 v( i7 x  I0 y" o
  解释:副词closely 不能修饰名词electrons, 应改为形容词, close to 构成形容词短语, 作electrons的后置定语
: I* C- q7 u; c6 \( D  词汇:electron: 电子, electromagnetic: 电磁
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