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[托福语法] 2012年托福考试语法辅导:容易混淆的词

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
容易混淆的词, s5 s+ Z6 `  v/ f" _
  hard (努力,副词) -hardly (几乎不,副词) . i6 k. u% @# s9 z3 D6 a
  close (接近,形容词) -closely(接近,副词) 6 {$ J$ T, W* w5 J. N) e
  near (接近,形容词) -nearly (几乎,副词), nearby (adj.邻近的)  G" Q0 s* }$ S& O1 t8 @! G
  most (大多数的,形容词) -mostly(主要地,大部分 副词) ' V4 ~' j$ ?: o0 K3 Q$ X! f4 H" M
  late (迟、晚,形容词) -lately (最近,副词),later(adv.稍后的)+ Q- {+ G( _- M5 W+ N
  high (高的,形容词) -highly (adv. 非常,大大的)
+ n( S# K9 E2 [, B+ R  另外: friendly(友好的), lovely(可爱的、有趣的),尽管词尾有ly, 但是都是形容词& M% Y. u3 i1 Z6 z! [" V/ R4 E6 m
  例题:
6 M# B7 ]4 U7 H: O  (1)
1 d% i1 J6 U! W& w  Chief Joseph La Flesche, a vigorous Omaha leader, worked hardly to make his nation a proud and progressive one.9 w8 W9 \# m9 ^% }
  应改为:hard
0 @0 B! r% v% M3 s2 t) ~  解释:hard和hardly都是副词,前者表示努力地,后者表示几乎不,依据题意应改用hard
9 R; n2 ]* D3 F* W, \% F0 R  词汇:vigorous: 精力充沛的,progressive: 进步的
3 ]1 y- i% F) X  (2) ' |. r2 K2 I7 d& ?! R5 O
  Glaciers that develop nearly the North and South Poles advance into the sea, break into pieces, and become icebergs.
  e* ]+ `9 h5 [4 b, a  应改为:near
* [+ _4 I$ T+ w. a  解释:nearly是副词,意为几乎,在此句中讲不通,改为介词near才可与名词the North and South Poles构成地点状语4 R# M7 V; p+ |$ ~
  词汇:glacier: 冰河, iceberg: 冰山 & R+ W  f- v1 k  D3 M  g* R
  (3)
' {" f$ M$ A( t0 T, T5 _  Those electrons most closely to the nucleus are held there by electromagnetic force.
' m: U0 S, y9 P9 a2 ]9 q  应改为:most close
4 I$ _1 I! s$ \) y- \( \% [' M  解释:副词closely 不能修饰名词electrons, 应改为形容词, close to 构成形容词短语, 作electrons的后置定语$ q/ {6 s1 t2 l1 A8 m
  词汇:electron: 电子, electromagnetic: 电磁
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