(2) / C* A7 }4 I( U" U3 Z! V7 r
A patent gives inventors exclusive rights to their inventions for a fix period of time.
2 C( C6 k% r w, T2 ~! f 应改为:fixed
5 v; Z7 Q8 U9 H 解释:fix是动词,不能修饰名词period, 依句意改为分词fixed, “一段固定时间”
' Z, e2 U8 \: k; T" {8 @/ | (3) + |# K$ t* t/ i$ `/ o/ S, B
Closed plane figures like the square or the equilateral triangle can be grouped into a class ----polygons. 6 k0 P8 l6 H& D: ^) |
(A) called & {2 j% ~7 c4 v3 S; n
(B) to call " }% e! L. J" D: S& ^; ~. s. X1 C
(C) is called
' \+ Y$ R0 n7 t+ M% X (D) call as
" h' p9 o$ r h7 X8 y 答案:A d+ [' a! ]* k" b+ D
解释:此句主谓完整, 句中又无连词, 需填的只可能是非谓语成分, A 是过去分词短语作定语, 等效于which is called, 符合题意. C D 属谓语结构, 与原句谓语冲突; B 不定式表用途或目的, 意思不通 7 S" C. {* B& y( T+ p
3. 过去分词作状语 + x, l: p) `3 s: c+ Q
过去分词也可放在句首、句中、句尾作句子的状语,常表示事件发生的背景或原因, # M5 b5 L0 L: {6 _ f, `% h- G0 `
如:Seen from far away, the islands look like a chain of pearls in the midst of the lake. - f, \4 C J* y; V! ^5 Z2 x- Q
Defeated in the final, the team gathered to analyze its technical disadvantages.
3 o+ f& h2 c% p( v 特别注意:分词状语的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致. 选择题中, 经常要求考生在分词状语部分填入合适的过去分词或现在分词. 到底选择哪种分词, 考生可以采取这样的作题方法: 首先根据“分词状语的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致”的原则确定状语部分的主语, 再判断这个主语和分词是什么关系, 若是主动关系则应该用现在分词, 若是被动关系则要用过去分词. : m1 v& F% |0 s! E
例题:
0 r( u F P( [+ `1 G (1) ' j6 M4 k& o3 L
---- in 1635, the Boston Latin School is the oldest public school in the United States.
7 r+ A7 Q, G) r. c$ P( O (A) Founded
% C+ [4 L' r# ~' W4 j (B) Founding - p0 d) O+ y: Y; C4 ~) }
(C) To found 2 a! s$ F$ o' F% R f5 V
(D) Having founded 9 D8 ~# v d) T1 ?( A
答案:A
9 R5 {3 r5 c v% ]: z. ~ 解释:分词部分的逻辑主语也应当是the Boston Latin School, 它和found之间是被动关系, 所以空格处应填入过去分词 , g" O& c- y. j1 g- b
(2)
0 x; e* F/ X: N' G& b Almost destroy by fire in 1814, the White House was rebuilt and enlarged over the next three year. & J1 s0 u4 L' w- v$ C+ M
应改为:Almost destroyed
" t) H8 }% @0 t$ P7 P7 ]% x; c- r 解释:by是被动式的标志词, 动词destroy应用过去分词destroyed, 这样既表被动又构成句子的状语 |