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2. 现在分词作状语 6 P( [6 {0 z" G2 S6 ?: G7 a- K
分词还可在句中作状语，可放在句首、句中或句尾。现在分词作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的动作/伴随动作或者表示原因。 8 G% j; H* V4 g1 H6 `" O
1．现在分词短语可以作时间状语，相当于when, while, as soon as等所引导的从句 t+ ^4 b) R- ^6 c( o1 v
如：Hearing the news, he couldn’t help crying. ! M( G& r& L9 Q8 L( i. t0 s
= When he heard the news, he couldn’t help crying.
: Z$ S/ f+ N( n# N& N) F q6 } 2．现在分词短语也可以表示原因，代替由since, as等所引导的从句 $ A) A) L! s$ \6 `
如：Not knowing what to do about the situation, she turned to him for help. + T- @4 O- {+ H+ F G4 B
=Since she didn’t know what to do about the situation, she turned to him for help. " Y9 j. @! k. J9 j" n
Being so poor in those days, we couldn’t afford to go to school. 5 Y3 |$ f# _; x; [% w" q. t
=As we were so poor in those days, we couldn’t afford to go to school. # i5 ^$ _- d1 B0 t6 e0 d5 ^+ j/ ^1 v) N
3．如果分词表示的动作发生在主句动作之前，那么此时分词就需要用完成形式 : A6 m/ a N. G! Y1 J
如：Having finished the work, she went to the park.
* A1 v( H0 x/ S# B: o9 m$ m9 W: Z =After she had finished the work, she went to the park. ' O+ E' }; }& A
特别注意：分词状语的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致
) h. I. ~, E$ N2 @* _ 如: Seeing from the moutain, the ocean is emrald green.
( {0 W# A% d3 q: H x& h5 V* m& F. T# h 此句是一个错误的句子, 因为根据分词状语的逻辑主语和句子的主语要保持一致的原则, seeing的逻辑主语也应该是the ocean, 而the ocean是不能自己seeing的, 应改为Seen from the mountain. 7 i7 n9 z) a& P1 d L1 a9 X7 m
例题：
7 r4 g; D# @$ ^0 n" Z+ S$ M9 a. | (1) 4 o2 ?* N6 x f3 |% B! o% [" p
Snow aids farmers by keeping heat in the lower ground levels, thereby ---- from freezing. 2 y5 T3 A1 |; r3 K1 h0 D0 r
(A) to save the seeds - ^0 N7 \4 @$ r
(B) saving the seeds
; t u, P0 ^5 Y (C) which saves the seeds
0 i7 ~9 W2 I8 x$ k/ g (D) the seeds saved % J( ~ W- l/ [) p
答案：B
- v. E( `& f1 A6 U3 G 解释：thereby一词习惯上接现在分词作句子的结果状语，只有B符合要求 |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
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