动名词作主语、定语或表语
# [$ ~( h- Y: [! N! q: L 和名词相仿，动名词可作句子的主语、表语或名词的定语
, f# a$ F- p. `8 l$ w0 z 如：Meeting you is my pleasure. 7 w6 q" K' W+ Q0 g
His job is driving a bus.
( q9 h8 b! p q2 j: M The opening ceremony will begin in five minutes.
- D& j2 T( `) T; t& F. R- z9 E# { 在简单句中, 只能有一个主语和一个谓语, 考试时经常会出现在一个简单句中主语部分不全或干脆没有主语部分, 需要考生将句子补全, 这时要注意的是主语部分只能是名词短语, 动名词短语或不定式短语, 而不能是动词短语或句子, 如:
: L' Y+ ~% X1 C( K 例题：
( B8 l: f, ~$ g# A$ L m1 c" J (1)
* i$ Y& R4 r" G0 ^( _ R8 ^ ---- by transferring the blame to others is often called scapegoating. & ~- K7 f, M5 p2 ?/ t
(A) Eliminate problems 9 N: R _; \1 t4 Y" l- L- G
(B) The eliminated problems 7 B; r( S8 A- C) f
(C) Eliminating problems
2 {+ B% E: r# N (D) Problems are eliminated
; P! d4 r$ E, A% c% k 答案：C
: p1 T4 ?$ K7 u, D4 [6 H 解释：此句只是主语部分不完整，可排除A,D; B与句意不符，只有C动名词词组合适，与scapegoating相呼应。注意by后面的短语表示一种方式、手段，而不是被动式的施动者 ; b7 y% M& ?# C8 U: S
(2)
" w9 D1 d' e8 ]' S. n s: y! |( U ---- raw materials into useful products is called manufacturing.
- c! Z6 w0 K- o8 f (A)Transform ! k. v7 S# a5 E8 [) ?
(B) Transforming 5 [9 B& i# E: O
(C) Being transformed 3 I8 E7 a9 O6 U0 U6 ~3 i
(D) When transforming
' x/ K' U1 B! s3 r; W/ D6 F 答案：B
, O# m- o5 k& o/ @7 u2 A% H- } 解释：此句is之前是句子的主语，之后是谓语，空格处需要一个能接宾语raw materials的名词性结构，这正是动名词所具备的特点，因此答案非B莫属
7 h8 S }! x5 \! z+ F 注意：有时需要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词，表示动名词的逻辑主语
, \! V. |8 v4 Z& u" ?' G" s$ f 如： Would you mind my turning off the radio?
" T; ]% v$ S1 j$ }- a: C+ K I’m rather disappointed at Helen’s putting on airs at the party. 7 V3 z; b/ p8 U1 o- r1 H: `
She remembered Tom owing her ten dollars.
# S {9 T ^+ Z& u2 ] 此语法点题目中较少涉及，但有助于读懂题干 |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
