考点四 是否用不定式
' C( E9 s1 Y" {5 T. ]) i1．有部分动词的习惯用法要求采用不定式复合结构，其基本形式为：动词+宾语+不定式，
8 C6 M5 V; Y$ X" P! a) @* @* B! d3 Z J如：enable him to dance, cause the little girl to cry, 9 o$ h$ g" l, r5 I" l
consider it to be a great honor, imagine herself to a soprano% @' P7 b' p, ]& P' A
常接不定式复合结构的词有：allow, enable, cause, ask, expect, invite, advise, permit, oblige, help, encourage, persuade, instruct, command, urge, consider, believe, declare, etc. ' W- ^3 j& @: |0 q
注意：help既可以接不定式，也可以接动词原形（或称不带to的不定式），' L& d" f! h3 D9 _$ J' q
如：help him to clean the lab, help me do the housework 6 T" W8 t- j' D4 o( a6 V
例题：
8 l# Z" w+ r, F, l(1)
$ r; g: c* t' w4 Z+ [. lThe flexibility of film allows the artist ----unbridled imagination to the animation of cartoon characters.9 W5 n( ~$ L+ m, F
(A) to bring- X% }+ `8 _# R: J% s8 S4 H2 q( Q V* V
(B) bringing M: F0 i% I! X: w- p! M% M+ _
(C) is brought* @ U; C) B0 H& s- s
(D) brings / f6 P0 ^% X. M: n
答案：A: f5 f8 _. \5 Q) n
解释：allow somebody to do sth.属于固定动词词组搭配,
7 q3 z6 `! c. o( i! w若allow之后无宾语则用allow doing 的形式。
2 J4 L/ t/ K2 E# c) U6 x3 x" g例: Mum doesn't allow me to eat too much chocolate. 9 w6 m. a1 N5 |4 q8 F& a
Sorry, sir, but we don't allow smoking here.
; W& y# ]0 R/ \' e% [) t(2)
# Q$ y4 D# P7 m4 T5 i# |# xA dictionary allows quick access to the meaning of a word only if one knows how spell the word.
. y/ j/ x) s6 t5 R/ u应改为：how to spell5 ^' p% Y0 H, T: ?; l L( A
解释：how和spell不能连用，应变为不定式复合结构，加上to, 构成know的宾语
7 R. `" L$ C2 O) b1 N7 d E2. 在一些表示“意图”、“目的”、“倾向”等意思的动词、形容词后面经常要跟不定式，而表示同样意思的名词后面经常需要用不定式做定语
* }7 z9 a! }, i( i' G; A- T, A( o例句：
( q, l) E* P G! z, G5 A$ Q* tHaving lost the election, the presidential candidate intend to support the opposition despite the objections of his staff.
6 x2 N) q% ?5 D4 L. wMany modern photographers attempt to manipulate elements of photography other than light in their photographs.1 s) I4 l8 R% }' a
这样的动词还有tend, plan, expect, endeavor, try, wish等 2 V" {0 s2 i2 y; ^+ p0 T/ r
He is anxious to go home.
3 I8 e7 q; G! D% B' b/ l0 PI am inclinded to work in Shanghai.8 S3 J) H* a* k) c! x
这样的形容词还有able, apt, eager, glad, ready, likely等 9 W6 V! M( B3 G
A loan may be acknowledged by a bond , a promissory note, or a mere promise to repay.
1 f" g1 |" U) _) F! ~5 [' }# KHe has the inclination to grow fat.
% a# \) Y- X! R3 G4 L5 {这样的名词还有ablility , effort , attempt, anxiety,determination, inclination, plan 等 / r- O, x6 v U$ D' o" G% l
例题：
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3 b, E- S+ ]3 b9 @7 o* n Billie Holiday's reputation as a great jazz-blues singer rests on her ability ----emotional depth to her songs.% \ ?7 T6 t3 a: [$ B5 |( }
(A) be giving9 W% y, u- z2 D Q# A
(B) are given9 \ S$ n. d2 { M6 O( x$ i. t/ G
(C) being given) Y) z% Z/ m# a1 a1 N8 j* o4 B
(D) to give
0 |. E) k3 m" A A& p答案：D 6 f! ^& ?/ C0 o8 Q0 g
解释：此句主谓俱全, 主语reputation, 谓语rests on, 缺少宾语ability的修饰成分. 根据谓语唯一原则可首先排除A B； C是被动式, 后面不能有宾语, 亦可排除; D为不定式作定语, the ability to do即做某事的能力 |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
