一、作表语:形容词和副词的混用
; R: {0 \4 E# r ?7 ~ 1. be + adv. -> be + adj.
" e( g/ S( C( G- S eg: be rarly -> be rare! }+ Y+ I' J6 S! n
2. be + noun. + prep -> be + adj. +prep
, V2 P1 e! t, l; A& N eg: be value for -> be valuable for
- d. B8 m+ r+ J- [+ h( l2 Z be fame for -> be famous for. P/ X8 ?6 [. ^
3. be origin based on 错 表语唯一/ {- _5 }1 }5 P6 T, y5 G) W
be forcibily 错+ r, @, }0 _8 C. i3 _5 @* f1 J
be completely enclosed 对' H5 E' N3 E% i( C- N* L4 H
be originally a poem 对
8 F4 l: D, U# N2 ]# |4 s9 \ be typicaly concerned with 对# j! z& }1 Q0 G
be generally with 对
- Y8 ^7 `5 }% H* ?" a. l ┏数+noun.0 \+ e' v1 e& d) P! W) B) V
be + noun./adj./分词 +┃adj.
& S; B0 L/ K" q5 r9 D+ O) r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ┗分词短语
' F4 d$ j# q3 M. P% O9 ~/ U8 P ┗>adv.
7 {) c, a9 L a1 w 二、作宾语时,名词和动名词的混用9 f) n3 U# w- t; k9 \- x/ @+ O
*原则:名词比动名词优先$ W: w& D- h4 B' _: S, Q
from their kinding 错
* M" \, s2 r0 V/ r1 H/ ~9 m food supplying 错
7 X6 V6 Q8 c& Y: l) U 区别:名词作宾语,后面不可接名词3 y9 U. j7 Z) ~3 p# P6 Z' }- ^2 c
动名词作宾语,后面可接名词
1 E* Y4 j0 a& ^5 h 动名词前可加the:the making of any work of art# A/ l4 K, m! ?- d, p) i: ]
动名词前加the 后变化为一个纯粹的名词,不可再加名词了
1 b: j/ Q* _4 x. g( V 三、状语从句引导词与近义介词/adv.的混用- J5 t8 ^ z4 G0 f' l8 D$ C% z
1. when, while/during, in- \# Q0 _: o. X9 N
* when, while+ noun. 永远错2 a5 j# s7 D) Q1 S8 m( A0 m- V/ e
during + 句子 永远错
# j+ L" u7 }7 Q1 Q. L1 Q* j. ^9 m6 y- P 2. although/despite
8 _, a( E2 O+ y" C despite + 句子 永远错
% A2 `' b- B, f despite the fact that 对www.Examw.com
- n7 l; m+ ?4 Q2 I/ w 3. even though/even% m" q/ y6 q+ M) z( H* f$ p
前者为连词,后者为副词
* B2 B5 t4 n0 Y( b% z9 J even + 句子 永远错
" |, F% q5 }2 g0 P2 g P' q6 B 四、平衡连接词与近义副词的混用
& i6 y$ i* V4 |; F7 i! B 1. and/also- y1 ] Q( H- K% b+ @: x& F$ d
前连后副. k9 s! k; ~, O
V also V 对
( v2 S6 O8 i, G S& D$ I8 g noun. also noun. 错
+ H) I* H5 I% Z% ^& J7 N1 N% z 2. or / else- n6 j7 O/ s% |3 Y1 w0 t
前连后副+ @& N. T# \, }8 Q c; z
by scant else by color 错) W4 Y g% e$ U, E' U7 S( X% W0 A
3. but/instead6 d. Z& i: f7 s; W6 H
前连后副
1 D- t% k+ b5 K; S 五、表示人的名词与表示物的同根名词的混用
) E& [0 [( ^& L+ T7 q2 `- z* R8 @ architect -> architectural
+ l5 l* ~8 o! T$ z inventor -> inventation2 X: ~" z* v8 ]! O* O/ I
sculptor -> sculpture4 F! r; G3 q. R3 S$ c+ r3 O
poet -> poem, poetry. v4 j6 Y- A9 Y6 q: g7 l' H. D
novelist -> novel. i) J7 q2 m' d8 b0 h0 G/ c
educator -> education
, ^* T0 G) C" {5 b1 c7 ~! N settler -> settlement! Q+ n5 h+ }. [# _ U: A' p6 w
composer -> composition# C: ~7 G- r. \
engineer -> engineering
( Q* a3 k! z1 ?/ H3 h 六、作定语,名词和形容词的混用$ {- S5 a5 v8 C
原则:表示同一概念的形容词比名词优先
( F2 ^) A! A& m% V( H eg: certain 比certainty优先
; a" R/ A3 C( G 当意义不同时,就无所谓优先4 N0 F! b' o& H8 }6 ^) D
如: color monitor 彩显2 C! C" [- K- b- p
colorful monitor 外观彩色的显示器
: i" ]. e- T9 Z( d, u colorful effect 多彩的效果+ o6 ~9 L' c% G% t" C
color effect 彩色效果
; l/ m& E: L: ] 例外:4 P( q. A& Y% W
1. 没有表示同一概念的形容词时,只能用名词修饰( ?8 k6 H. u: g1 k7 f. p) ?+ {
the city or regional planning
R7 k; d9 k- a% |4 S Beijing city commercial bank
" k- V# l) i. y7 b1 E r* i the state government* l% w, [% `' e2 t$ v& C
2. noun. + noun. 为特定含义时,不改为adj.
. D3 }( c. d2 P8 ^6 m# ] safty glass 防弹玻璃
" S. k+ m+ K ]6 o4 b# y$ l0 L exhibition flights 飞行表演; S" L* B* P0 E- I/ p0 u9 S
color monitor 彩显0 ]/ h6 e0 S) I' b* P( _9 w
3. noun.修饰noun.,表示后一个名词的本质属性,品质,种类时,不改adj.
; V, K# m z# r5 _! r ***noun. + noun. 最后选
+ G; a6 D. a2 @1 B7 d% d beauty salon 对
9 v4 z' |! I; A6 h5 s intelligence test 对
1 `3 G: s/ Y% G5 I5 ^ *noun.+noun.在一起 a. 最后选
; \- R3 Y/ z# u2 Q+ b+ M b. 有无同概念形容词" F1 W6 _4 i3 B5 C/ i
c. 看句意/ i% B& ~/ v( f3 F* T
七、作修饰语,形容词和副词的混用7 s: i& L q3 X* Z; d H1 d
1. 副词永远不能修饰名词
2 M# X" Z$ A n9 r up arms -> upper arms
! o- A& \7 S. w. {& {* M! L6 V) s 注意陷阱:adv. + 同位语 i9 h: O4 t! q( U
* special 永远改 especially
9 }9 v1 P* _$ ?' R" M The common cold, (which is) normally a minor illness, can threaten
. V/ K- t/ F" G& A the health of patient.
8 a* `4 I) L9 K0 N: M) n! V- _ 2. adj. + adj. + noun.* }' e6 E. ^* @
依次修饰关系5 n; V! ^; I2 H# n2 T9 s3 L7 `
an old red car
# o8 Z$ d0 |5 y& |2 `) I0 i0 E a frequent pretty girl(??)
4 \5 w1 u R! U) Q( h4 ^) E7 F 3. adv. + 数 + noun. ; 数 + adj. + noun. 对: O4 E9 C8 y' S F4 Q
数 + adv. + noun. ; adj. + 数 + noun. 错
6 S/ }2 U8 M; Y3 X+ t adv. + 数 + adj. + noun. 对
* e9 @; s6 i& M0 h 4. ┏ adj.! S7 w$ c# K- w) T7 V
┃ V
) e( p2 T u! R# _ adj. + ┃ prep.. O% E; m; i \4 X2 h. C
~~~~ ┃ adv.
: R4 F; X7 U: @ ┗>adv. ┃ 分词短语8 j! X. ]* C0 Y! K3 U2 {
┗ 数词 |