代词8 E9 N" l' b1 g, g1 g- R
一、代词的五种形式间的混用# I# H# P( h0 d' o. v1 D
he him himself self
$ {$ o9 E7 B- v: M" [$ R 主格＜－＞宾格＜－反身代词 名词. G8 _5 l; t% V& a) r
△6 o- `. V2 O! o
┃
) u' l3 `1 w/ @/ Z2 b4 E 所有格
$ L" [$ d. f( q) ~6 n; ?, _ his! z+ t: s2 Y# b5 V0 n6 s% T6 M
(A)名词前面应该使用所有格7 F! ^5 A4 ^$ c' y0 s) `- ^& Z
make she debut 错* g- _; w; X. B5 h
make one’s debut
2 K3 o8 `" h3 d * 双宾语结构例外 won him prizes 对1 m" y. Y# D. Y1 b2 ]5 Q( o
（B）反身代词画线－－－＞改宾格
2 \7 ^4 e n# ]$ e 要使用的反身代词必须与所在句子主语一致" T! f" w8 `* W, }6 M# v7 {+ x) ?
he killed him. 他杀
% ?( B4 x. I5 \ he killed himself 自杀
$ v7 t& f& o5 k/ b( Q1 g* n1 \ （C）self ,是名词，“自我”，只用于哲学， 出现永远错
# b; r6 v% K8 Z# q+ V 二、代词的单复数 him,her--> them, 注意一下9 r {4 \# n5 T+ e, O
三、代词的性别( N7 F& K( F" C! {2 K9 r4 Y
his/her himself/herself
$ h. K' O6 B# | 四、代词的人与物6 ?5 Z& j4 D4 N: Q$ B. B, }
Although he is employed in hte scientific field, the metric system: Y- j: k8 n, e8 x+ A
~~->it N/ ^) ~4 |; Y. K$ E9 v) M
is not used in the U.S.
, h3 l8 Z- j3 K- }- J 五、关系代词
) y9 M* I" x% B9 x ┏ which 指代物
- d0 W$ ~+ M( O7 P2 x ┃ that 指代人或物 注意：who与which混用
) O; j5 h) W! ]- _7 j ┗ who 指代人; y, [. X6 W0 f4 `
┏ who 主
0 y' o( P: z8 }* U0 |+ p ┃ whom 宾" S# b: m1 u& b4 g. W
┗ whose 所有格
/ Q5 q! v1 [9 U! w whom image --->只考过一回
* K/ A, w" ]9 J& u4 U, t ~~~~->whose% c2 I3 n5 F% H% n% L( D
*主要考who和whose的混用1 _+ a* Y( q% d, I' k, P$ O
who + noun. 错 whose + V 错) q V( F |6 Q% k/ Q0 P$ n9 ~8 u, Y
介词. j2 m. `. y; E8 X
一、through/throughout$ D5 J9 H4 R$ k: m+ z: Q! e
through: “穿过”、“通过”，强调动作& |7 c' z+ D" q! l. ~5 x
throughout: “贯穿”throughout his lifetime6 _. z& f) a" _
“遍布”throughout the world" d! L2 ?* p1 a5 _ f
二、between/among
$ N' |' D( ?+ ]- B' ? between the stars/trees 两两之间8 A/ }( T0 [# k/ K$ ^
among the two realms 错
# d/ a5 l: c% o' q$ m A+ j 三、in/inside /into
3 y, q1 X( k* ~" E1 x inside,in 静态，强调状态) z) s- }' A3 G* t! K& ?! K% U
into 动态，强调动作0 O0 p. W- o+ s+ r; K3 J
air inside the house5 p$ ~" _( Y" W& j- @
shoot...into the sky
$ \$ o! R, n2 ]! r- b in + 单数noun.(无冠词)，表示某一领域，某一方面，某一行业
! z7 I# d0 k5 D: q in shape, in size4 {) p1 x+ w9 c- m
四、in/for/since
8 c A5 O5 U3 u3 r& } in + 1. 时刻点! M5 q# ^; w. V$ `( A
2. 一段时间转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]: }) ^0 a5 r2 [$ N% v. r
for+ 1. prep. + 一段时间
& C+ y5 \8 T: j# U$ y3 i7 O1 c 2. conj. 并列连词，不能位于句首
- @* x$ p+ D, ?6 b; ?( ` c 句子，for 句子$ i) m. t3 r# }
since+1. prep., “自从”＋时刻点，完成时8 F: ]- U) ]) T/ w& j
2. conj., “因为”Since +句子，句子
5 ^5 s' A7 |" R0 b3 |6 P( Y: w 3. adv., a. 与过去时共用 = ago
2 d4 D* h# [, M. g ...was...many years since ...7 M1 U2 E7 D0 m, k6 g* V% P2 p$ Y) t
b. 与完成时连用，表示过去某个时间某个事件到现在 |6 v! O# i7 s+ E: Y6 l2 B
Tom was elected president last term, but he since has de, W# |# O, O% D! }( p
voted
|) [# W! K( m0 v$ _3 P2 n7 C little fo his spare time to his reponsibility.
$ V9 A+ W$ z: M( v( M 五、of 遗漏
+ Q0 H2 Z5 D7 I 多余8 R0 e. b/ Q9 E) }% l& A
六、by* K' V& Y) i9 F ` y$ k9 f/ |
1. be done by 只要不是固定词组，就改by
1 X6 d/ P2 t/ B/ d0 m 2. by doing 只要不是固定词组& k j5 A a$ M. G5 d
3. 作品by 作者
2 v1 x* H6 v5 D, ^( ~ publication by Franklin
8 |) s5 ]/ ^4 _) |9 v' F 七、固定搭配
, y8 k9 G1 H9 i U. L' ]3 M& C$ e together with = with. M* c1 V; L2 A: A7 h$ H4 n5 c, k: k
adv + prep = prep |
发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39
