第三节 冠词作限定词
9 M) |# `0 G5 U1 a* T+ _# x+ W; I冠词是一个虚词,本身不能够独立使用, 必须和一个名词连用。TOEFL出题主要集中在a和an的区别,那些地方要加the那些地方不加。 % Q- z# j$ U# ?- q5 c4 ?& E
考点一 不定冠词a / an
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不定冠词a和an后面当然接单数,a和an 的主要区别是:
% ^0 {- k- }4 Z+ ga 用于以辅音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: a tower, a university
0 B3 {' Y% |7 C0 D$ |; b% O, Fan用于以元音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: an orange, an hour
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# q8 h6 c R$ K. ^- |9 w1 e不定冠词a / an与可数名词单数连用, 表示泛指 “一个”、 “某一个”, 有时还可代表一类人或事物. 在作表语或同位语的可数名词单数前一般都要加不定冠词(除非名词前已有物主代词作限定语, 如my pen).
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例题:
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How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever been discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it.
; s, b, a, }* s3 z应改为: puzzle.
$ O1 L2 [# h9 [. E解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, puzzling是分词, 不能单独与a 连用, 故改为名词puzzle
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2 a0 Y& ?) h/ vWhether a healthy adult tends to feel hungry two, three, or four times a daily is a question of physiology and of culture.
; b E9 E. ~; `) ^8 A4 I5 C应改为: day
1 d( _3 p7 f+ o( X9 r解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, 而daily是形容词, 不能单独与a连用, 故改为 名词day , R0 [7 M6 O' B- `% e9 s7 Q
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Pewter, a metal with an ancient heritage, is still practical medium for the nonprofessional metal worker.
$ H) O* h+ Y+ r" |! O" \9 z应改为: still a practical, v7 d/ h& A8 Q; d. ]2 h
解释: medium是可数名词, 在句中作表语, 其单数之前应该用不定冠词
& i' N0 k# h" A/ V3 }2 pa, an的误用是TOEFL常见的改错题型 " V& U- ~% d* ?
例题:
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A emotion is not necessarily aroused by something in the outside world.
) o3 K3 Q( ^2 u应改为: An emotion+ o7 p. y, `% y, V9 i8 `. j+ {
解释: emotion是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an
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If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine chemically with other atoms.
/ c! |7 l: g0 c; W+ o应改为: an atom
3 c) }. u( k0 f9 h解释: atom是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an |