第二节 限定词0 ^, G. u, {7 u6 `! g% i
名词究竟要用单数还是复数, 与名词之前的限定词有很大关系, 限定词通常分如下几类:5 _2 {5 i! N- i7 C
1.之后肯定接单数: $ d5 [6 e/ U2 L# J e# o
a /an, every, one, another, each, either, this, that, such a, many a, etc.( p. x2 P7 Q% F+ Y8 L$ P
例句: Each of them has two books.+ \3 q, g+ G- Q, A O% Q4 L1 L6 w
You can read either book. (两本书你可以随便读一本)
# D; Z# V- A- a+ b2.之后肯定接复数:
6 h1 p9 d" |1 x% Z( e2 M" |) Ithese, those, many, such, other,8 Q$ |; I9 f, _( U) P; Q
大于one的数词(ten, hundred, thousand, million…),
( N0 E! J/ e- J K+ Wa few /few /fewer /fewest, a (great /good / large /small) number of, several
' z5 q0 S+ T# K6 r3 ^$ \5 a9 aone of, all (of), some /any (of), most (of), a lot of, lots of, the rest of, plenty of& M4 H; g# ]7 H; I% S
3.之后既可接单数又可接复数: the, no, his, her, their, my, etc! ?2 {+ m7 o' T) B1 c+ T
注意:这几类词大多不能同时使用9 a3 r/ g/ S/ d6 Y3 H- J7 j
考点一 否定限定词no
3 W% `7 m4 w" \ S4 Q) G+ D(1) no既可用于可数名词复数前又可用于单数前, 表示否定意义. 例如: ( l+ B0 {+ S( c" _; e/ \. p
No flowers in the garden. 花园里没有花.
# o& r; Q/ o. ]1 s7 |2 s% L9 }No one is here.
7 H2 L1 e2 h c J% `(2) no与否定副词not的区别是改错题的常见考点。 二者的区别在于:
* f! Z7 M# H5 l& R% {9 @0 f* bno直接修饰名词, 不能与其他限定词同时出现;
% k$ M7 K( f7 M0 Z( ?% F' Nnot一般出现在be动词或助动词之后, a, an, any等限定词之前, 它是否定式的组成要素, 而不是名词的限定词 : G% v! p- p& c. O
例题: / r: z2 }5 j/ l [' a
(1) 7 \: q O3 Z/ A8 d4 G s
The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ---- clearly understood.
+ @; l! }+ o6 O) b8 `' ?0 [. z (A) none
' E% G% Y) c( `; N0 D+ N8 d (B) no
% C# @4 A( g* G+ B1 @# I6 Q5 f, I (C) not $ a& P2 ?' {' D- _# w
(D) nor 4 B$ P, `! ?3 e% j( o
答案: C ; J6 \" t" z1 L/ R0 Q: s
解释: 此句主谓完整, 据选项可知空白处需填入合适的词使原句变为否定, 只有否定副词not可以和is配合构成否定句, A、B、D 之后都需要名词词组, 不符题意
- D* E A) N# Z/ v5 o; n(2) . G5 J4 i, R- ?% s: z& T3 c
Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor. 3 X( g+ }& b7 p0 W& o
应改为: No
' l1 S' P/ z) G. @' U8 n解释: Not是否定副词应置于be动词或助动词之后, 且它与单数名词间需加冠词, 而no是形容词, 可以直接修饰后面的名词 |