第六节 名词在句中的作用
0 ^# J1 ?9 {. S) }3 ^. X考点一 名词(词组)作主语
! P$ F Y: R3 Y9 f填空题中经常出现句子中缺少主语的题型, 大多数都需要填入名词或名词短语7 P6 z5 G* f3 X: ]/ s0 C8 R. f4 l8 i
例题:
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In 1964 ----of Henry Ossawa Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.
/ p1 y3 v1 d! t0 T# l- S& b' \ (A) was a major collection- ^2 I8 a: ~9 ?! I7 D' c, C4 Y
(B) that a major collection0 x7 W6 [7 w% d/ ~# q
(C) a collection was major
8 K8 P2 U% L1 E6 f, n- g* E7 _ (D) a major collection & m" H1 P1 l- i% E: ]
答案: (D) ( C# d3 L0 T. F0 m5 s
解释: 此句主语残缺, 且谓语动词was shown 需与单数主语搭配, 故填入单数名词词组. (A) (C)中的was均与原文中was冲突, 违背了谓语唯一的原则, (B) 使原句变为只有从句无主句
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J5 Y' N1 y- q1 X* {2 K, B The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of medieval alchemists.
- H# t% l! f" l6 ?% x0 J& G应改为:beginnings. 4 t1 e2 @! i9 B# p
解释:句子的主语应采用名词形式, begins 是动词的第三人称单数形式, 不能置于the之后作主语 X- i' T) F. _% ?% p( t" S
0 A$ L C' P {+ W/ C8 J考点二 名词(词组)作宾语
1 ~/ `5 Q3 s5 B5 B6 M% F填空题中有相当一部分缺少动词宾语的题需填入名词或名词短语
: u$ y6 l' a" v$ Q; A g( u' v1 Z例题:
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3 Q( I8 q( I. K- r2 m+ RIn 1961 the entertainer Chubby Checker introduced a ----to New York's rock'n 'roll fans.& E8 \6 Q$ o9 x& U) a2 w5 {4 N) T# r
(A) new dance, the twist, ~9 @# F+ }! e" d* [
(B) twist, was the new dance( V) G( b; f& K7 ~& d! T) ?! P1 d
(C) twist, the new dance that; [9 u9 O* q" w) n$ S) u
(D) new dance is the twist
- G$ ^& p$ @% N" a* K答案: (A)
W2 R6 P- o0 B ~. d/ K; Z* ]解释: 谓语动词introduce的宾语不完整, 由空格前的a可肯定应填入名词词组, (B) (D) 都用谓语结构可首先排除, (C) 中的that无法与空格后的部分构成从句, 只有(A) 符合名词作宾语的要求, 其中逗号后是名词作同位语 + y. ]( f7 O6 J% n) H1 e. R
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Instructors at the school of American Ballet first examine a young applicant's instep to see whether it is pliant and shows promising of a good arch.
4 L1 u1 D4 A# s应改为: promise. : o/ p& U& X# S `; i4 G0 X
解释: 形容词promising不能作动词show的宾语, 需改为名词 |