托福考试辅导：语法讲解（14）

会计考友

考点四 the more…，the more…
# k' d4 d' Z8 c- w+ M9 i此句式常表示“越……越……”，more在此处泛指比较级，此句式的特点是前后两句以逗号隔开，句子结构平行，而且谓语动词一致时，为避免重复常进行省略，
如：The more she slept, the less comfortable she felt.
$ {& T  p. `8 w2 E8 A   The greater the size, the easier it is for you to spot.
填空题中常需填入两个分句之一，因此看到the more结构，要注意选与其结构相近的另一半the more句式
/ g; ~9 y3 i9 Z& b7 |. ?例题：
% x- i& x  O) J, c( }* F( F8 J! v" h5 P(1)
! b2 G" I0 z( c2 _The greater the population there is in a locality, ----for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
, B6 z! N( P8 c$ m  (A) the greater the need there is
  (B) greater need
) T1 @. p+ Z1 N  g$ p# E8 W  (C) is there great need
9 b, n9 X8 i9 K, l, k, e' A$ B  (D) the great need
# Z3 ^/ b$ a% n5 r# P% q答案：A
; L+ L6 a0 z8 f1 W; R解释：这是典型的 “the more…,
0 D& s  W' n! D4 N the more…” 句式, 意为 “越…, 越…” 其逗号前后两部分结构要平行, 而且后一句可以不倒装, A 完全符合要求. C D 都缺少此固定句式所要求的第二个比较级; B 少定冠词the. 此句亦可改写为: If there is greater population in a locality, there will be greater need for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
- N+ A$ f: S' m7 X% Q  A8 K(2)
! M* t  ^# r  \The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ---- to the body.
(A) the stress it is greater
' Y- x' p% y; Z* N! }* Q (B) greater is the stress
( m5 A* f! V3 t- U; B (C) greater stress is
) V! J* [) C0 o/ X: W& d (D) the greater the stress
答案：D
解释：此句涉及比较级的特殊句式the more..., the more..., 此句式要求前后结构平行，当谓语一致时，后面的可省略，符合要求的只有D

+ a- Z7 N( p; H1 c( e# v考点五 no longer /not…any longer
6 [% |7 ?* u8 R# Y8 ~6 k# hno longer /not…any longer和no more/not…any more都表示“不再……”,
0 l+ l5 ^/ x. u" j. z6 S1 n如：He no longer smokes. / He doesn't smoke any longer.
注意no longer /not…any longer不要混用，no more /not…any more同理，这一句式在改错题中出现。
' k! U% J4 D. {" N8 B2 w例题：
(1)
   Although it is any longer the big business that it was in the forties, radio continues to be a medium of essential communication, especially at the local level.
应改为：no longer.
8 O0 o$ q# y/ i1 M/ ?* S解释：根据句意此处应为否定“不再是 ．．．”，英文中有两种方式表达此意, no longer / not...any longer, 此句只能采用前者, 若用后者语序应为: it is not the big business that it was in the forties any longer