托福语法指导：并列连词及真题要点解析

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　　有关并列连词的命题在TOEEL考试中占有极重要的地位。并列连接词不仅自身是命题的焦点，它还涉及到一些其它的题型，如平行结构，词类、及一致等TOEEL考试要点。一般说来，有关并列连词的题目并不深涩，因为连接词无论在语意上还是结构功能上都并非孤立使用。而且，细察并列连词的题目，还可寻见其中的命题规律并列连词常考题型及解题要点
　　1. 并列连词 and but or混淆
( c# m& v& h2 k% B& K( Q: q　　解题要点 这类题型主要分面布在written Expression (16-40题中) 当A、B、C、D四项选择中出现单独的and或but 或or 时，它通常就是此题的焦点，应根据句意判断此连词是否用错。
　　全真例题要分析
; f4 x! i6 P$ q　　(1) Harvesting of grains is affected by annual changes in temperature or in the amount of moisture, but both. (90.1)
　　[答案] D 根据句意，这里并无转折关系。因此but 应改为or。
5 U; P9 W6 c0 ]% e( n, }* X# \8 N　　(2) Porcelain is not a single clay, and a compound of kaolin. Ball clay, feldspar. And silica. (91.1)
　　[答案] C 此句表达的是一个取舍关系，and应改为but. “not…but”是表达转折，到舍含义的固定并列连词搭配。
" y, g# d& K0 Y/ T　　3. The structure or behavior of many protozoans are amazingly comples for single-celled artimals.
& H  Q+ h8 ^) p, _  u, }8 A　　[答案] A 根据句中复数谓语动词are 来判断，连词or是错误，它表述的概含是两项之一，应用单数第三人称动词。固而or应改为and。
　　(4) Cayenne popper comes from the seedpot of the pepper plant which is dried or then ground.
　　[答案] D 根据提示词then，我们可以判断dried 和ground (grind 的过去分词，碾碎）是顺序先后的两个动作，并非取舍选择关系。固此or应改为and。
* n2 G% Z! K) A; i: Q) F' q　　2. 并列连接词词组
) C) Y1 Z/ U: O6 u9 ^- V9 ~　　both…and as…as
  X$ B9 w8 H% @　　not only …but also not so…as
　　either…or the same…as
　　neither…nor 比较级(more-re) …than
  U* q, X8 ~8 U6 q6 h　　so…that to…to常与so…that
) G$ Z: W. T+ K! E6 ?/ {+ ?　　whether…or 混淆搭配
; `/ W) f& Z/ u+ H7 A9 l　　解题要点；上述并列连词词组和短语必须搭配使用，不能承意更换或省略。考题中如出现上述词组的任何一部分，则注意另一部分是否正确。
　　全真例题分析
　　(1) In meteorology. Either formation of clouds and the oreciporddidon of dew rain and snow are known as condensation (93.1)
　　[答案] A either改为both，组成both…and词组中华考试网
; E9 _" N1 n. N/ O  s( V　　(2) The survival of a forest depends not only on amount of annual rainfall it receives. And also on the seasonal distribution of the rain.
　　[答案] C and改为but，组成not only…but also 词组
1 z  A: C8 r6 K/ I' n6 W　　(3) Lucretia Mott*s influence was too significant that she has been credited by some authorities as the originator of feminism in the United State. (91.1)
2 @1 X3 a. J7 P0 M; q( N* [　　[答案] A too改为so,组成so…that结构。
　　(4) The gorilla, not as curious than the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem. (90.5)
6 r/ t" l6 L3 M- ]' T7 X　　[答案] B than改为as， 组成not as…as 结构。
% z  G7 q; n9 H+ {　　(5) Some linguious believe that the earliest languages were no less complex as modern languages (94.5)
　　[答案] D as 改为than,组成“比较级…than”的句型。
　　(6) Whether as statesman, scientist, and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin was destined to gain lasting honor throughout much of the world. (92.5)
6 m$ R1 G% b2 `　　[答案] A and改为or，组成whether…or的结构。
  b) d2 |) L2 N: {3 c5 @7 L1 a　　(7) Meadowlarks are about the same size than robins, they have heavier bodies, shorter tails, and longer bills. (89.5)
( d/ Y1 p1 n# h+ l: Z　　[答案] B than改为as，组成the same…as的结构。
　　(8) Nature not only gave the Middle Atlantic fine harbors, however endowed it with a first-class system of inland waterways. (91.1)
　　[答案] C however 改为but also,组成not only…but also结构。