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[托福语法] 托福语法指导:动词不定式及动名词要点解析

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:32:39 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  动词不定式和动名词在TOEEL测试中不算活跃的考题,但出题频率比较稳定,即不频繁,亦无间断。命题焦占主要集中在动词不定式和动名词的基本功能及正确形式,即(1)不定式to后面接原形动词,(2)动名词具有动词和名词两重功能,介词后面的动词必须以动名词形式出现。不定式和动名词常考题型9 C; w3 c1 {: X
  1. 不定型工to后面接原形动词
) a( A% x' J# }$ h6 i  全真例题分析9 m/ C9 x+ K: D5 O4 @
  (1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)
' L9 B# V* S5 W1 L  [答案] C 动词不定型式的标志to后面应接动词原形see。8 N" d) q3 U3 t3 P
  (2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)
$ J- V6 `9 z' s- Q  [答案] D to forming应改为to form正确的不定式形式。. {- J/ L/ i7 \6 ^- `! P6 {
  (3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)% ?1 v# n# s  a" M$ P8 V8 g
  [答案] D动词不定式to后面只能接原形动词,不能接名词。* y. Z" K. m9 k* L/ K. A
  (4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)
: o  |9 u+ ~; o3 a  [答案] D这是一个非常简单的动词不定式错误形式的考题。Recing应改为race,与to组成不定式。% X; d8 b9 T8 M& ]1 C
  2. 动词不定式作目的状语中华考试网
" E$ J: c: z% J  解题要点 不定式结构在句中可以作多种成分,目的状语则是TOEEL常考到的形式。动词不定型式作目的状语的命题主要分布在structure (1-15题)中。/ ^0 c4 Z# s. O0 T  `
  全真例题分析( L, l3 z: A. ]
  (1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .8 C9 T9 f: d" r  M+ F6 z
  (A) generating  Z0 i* p& R, c3 P5 y1 g$ }
  (B) generates, t7 L  \' `; C9 ?8 ]% }
  (C) to generate
. y4 |, n( A* v6 Z$ U  (D) it is generating
9 i7 |$ p& E3 T' @+ i  [答案] C 根据句意及结构,此句固选择动词不定式作目的状语。
, Q) J' E, b8 O9 D  (2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.1 F4 B/ \6 Q3 b- {( G! C  j# Y
  (A) Creates' f: j* n& d4 `. t
  (B) Created3 _, ~6 N& |- W6 M6 J7 s8 h5 z) \! a0 @, ^
  (C) The creating of7 b6 `3 h2 }! O
  (D) To create (92.10)
* g) ^8 D, d+ N( W  [答案] D 这是典型的不定式作目的状语的句子。目的状语放在句首是表示强调。) c: T  g$ q- a" p6 r, U3 d9 a6 L
  (3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.4 u) {6 o3 v; \9 O7 z3 ]
  (A) Saved
7 L+ I, [. d3 C- W4 R  (B) Saves
  q0 y" l+ ]2 m5 G% A% v  (C) To save
: ]. Q/ D* n7 b0 _2 j+ B. d  (D) The saving (91.5)/ @7 I9 V# [  V8 [5 C( m
  [答案] C 此句与上面例题结构相同。不定式作目的状语,且放在句首表示强调。
$ Y) V2 w6 M5 i2 v* H  3. 动名词的正确用法
0 y5 ~0 i$ {# K" j. {. m  解题要点 有关名词的考题并不很多,但有一个常出现的题型;介词后面的动词一定要用动名词形式,作介词的宾语。
$ w9 b/ ~' r# D" Q0 ^) \. w  全真例题分析
: k' K* z& S* Y1 W  (1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)1 l; g5 r. `5 e
  [答案] C 介词of后面应接动名词形式,即of preparing。9 q$ P/ o6 v$ v; X5 X
  (2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)( h( h6 V9 s8 q4 T
  [答案] D 动名原形jamp位于介词for后面,故应改为动句词jamping。
7 E$ ?1 n  E4 o# F  (3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)- M6 ]+ p+ D; `
  [答案] D 动名词原形release位于介词for后面,故应改为动名词releasing。
" }' M% T9 N) U( \  (4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)
* M- ?3 l2 k3 G2 a  ]. E3 y1 _7 g  [答案] C 动词原形portray应改为动名词portraying即作前面介词of的宾语,自身又带宾语reality。
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