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[托福写作] 托福写作辅导:高分加分点之承上启下

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发表于 2012-8-14 23:46:10 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
承上启下
+ N" H( O: O( x; d) F* i1. 表示结论
. @9 o5 ^8 V" h9 i
/ Q& R% M4 J3 Y. e& O" u5 v) ^in conclusion( O4 e9 K* q0 z# Q& ]' p
in sum
9 g. i8 y$ J9 Y9 e0 G/ L( l% u to conclude
5 |4 U6 f% Z  M. O( `0 e/ F, e to sum up
* E1 n; W* u! Z5 E1 [" [
! ], i. ~# n: F# Y; D2. 表示肯定程度
* e2 s# `0 ?5 A
1 S! S, e& p9 P' p" ^  @! m certainly
4 i* I" _( H/ R, u& ? clearly9 i6 H4 V6 \( c9 z/ {
obviously7 r. A  b- Y) P  ^$ w# H* W
plainly# I% o4 u( U/ T3 ], m7 k/ `
apparently9 w! k5 d. d  z1 K
surely
5 V9 N  w# C+ U- J5 J; kundoubtedly. c1 ?  r+ t5 v) E, x, r8 J5 A# B
naturally3 Y0 D; \& Y- }& Q- j) x3 `1 I: k
for certain$ j" T3 a- q( \- e7 C
for sure
0 G3 x, z4 ]4 a- q1 p: } of course
# }0 H/ d: s/ a never, K; k  y$ E; |: L
always
9 T2 k  s: R; n  {" N4 @
7 m) n0 Q9 R0 P9 U5 k
' R! L9 a. D) ]8 z& c4 C. \ 1 u- S0 l" G% {; `  b; h
+ `3 R1 s6 Y- J% k6 O
; W) I4 k1 m: r3 c+ s
possibly
: G- ^4 ]) v/ [  `$ |. ? perhaps
& t4 L1 c* S2 G" e* [# q9 F+ R likely
2 G2 n: |6 u( |1 G& U9 m/ K/ | probably/ K. k5 M5 ]2 x% g' `
potentially
* g4 d8 w' f  c/ p  W$ v, P presumably
% t( o0 L  C& k5 { to some extend
  f! [! e9 `0 r- W/ C0 vin a large sense
; b; r* W+ Q7 ^0 c/ C9 e0 S1 l9 y3 ~" s generally speaking3 }7 S, u7 M. U3 B# F5 E
in a sense
/ W1 d2 F9 \. ]9 r$ o, [8 P) @ generally0 h) y1 B- s5 w+ K  D' I
in some sense) M3 u- A! I& y3 ?$ n$ S
normally! w+ \' V, x2 I7 X( n
ideally
9 l* r. x9 |' M$ T! e" R
/ p" N0 I* |$ ^8 e1 W. J3 h  e3. 引出新观点 5 z: U; y, A1 P' f
$ b" f, {9 B4 k
first
. n" o. I3 G0 a6 l7 { second
! m% z, E2 O. b; t+ A8 _ third$ g& Y/ [) V0 d* C4 T
finally
  t. q: t; j3 [! s% Z3 ~1 v in the first place
/ s  w- u0 N  d0 b! pin the second place$ h' Z7 i6 I% j# ^1 S. ^/ |
last but not least
# H$ B- U0 a( y+ S" ]9 Y first of all! H. V" a1 K' {
next/ Y$ N6 j7 m" ]& {/ G1 ]2 q  \
another
4 g: p- s) U0 |$ c1 _ In addition
/ y- Q7 Q* z! n( r4 q& A* a. V, I6 c additionally
  k, k: Y; ]" a2 X" K+ I: y! K6 Y further
# u0 m( J0 w( I. Z furthermore5 ?- k1 F' d2 k
moreover. D8 y& l# K) f4 i$ P
also8 t2 g0 K; k' w) t$ h
likewise
- s; r' ~; ?0 i/ i similarly
- {: ?, x% B2 ^9 C* Q1 T8 z more importantly% s. [( G3 g- t- ?
imagine
6 G; z  Q* q* r. G suppose" ~* J: P- r+ A/ J1 U% ?
most importantly4 m, e( x& C  c1 r3 t
for one thing: n! _# K, s$ t
for another
- Y, C6 f0 _# s7 ~4. 引出详细解释 0 c  |* S! g9 c' U
+ k& p) c3 H6 x  k9 z- Z- F+ h
specifically. s" y3 x# Y3 _7 L: {* ?6 T) @6 T) e. y
particularly
0 J% D9 K4 E: R, M for example9 |5 A, X$ Q: F' ]
for instance1 Q$ j" V0 h+ n, W
in this case4 T& ^" X* }6 s* t
in that case
( k7 {% T( J8 r! \7 N2 K3 G+ D as well as
8 G) l. o  i+ j( c: G in that
$ E4 x' `, k3 z$ Q, n/ G such as6 a; ~( K: ~7 J, G2 w& ~5 ?7 N8 {
in addition to
/ r8 @0 n7 x7 }, E- n8 n: A& d* u, Z 3 @  U! A( A+ U" j
7 @, ?6 ~- L, |, o- x
5. 表示对照或其他观点
" r* G8 |3 Q2 S3 L
: `, y' |+ V& _! {! e7 s$ cotherwise
; y+ F. V' _: _6 d7 u however
! Z. N4 L8 c9 K$ {! ^- h nevertheless. e6 q" S) i' ]. W& |
though
) v' y: R) n+ }* v' o7 |4 g' F although$ k( d. Y+ w+ u$ u! x
yet
3 D2 ^$ h) K# { meanwhile
  [' x9 B8 F9 L while
. L+ j5 H8 u. b6 H But
! G$ i5 d& M) w+ Z5 J1 N7 b; J' S, f instead$ d) Y% |- W& |& o$ s; x) y/ W( }
still
" l' I, F% j( \9 V1 c& Z anyway6 _5 F; A+ [4 w& K' h5 Y3 Q2 Z+ N
unlike
1 a5 U6 E1 S0 [1 [- a on the contrary
, `3 I' }% B1 Y by contrast
4 n) h& g- Y1 |/ N! ] by comparison3 o5 D3 S6 k4 d& X/ c5 t2 P
in any case
  s- q* U  h& t7 `6 T at any rate
+ k) ?+ t9 Z9 |" w4 X& T in spite of6 N+ C, Z, Y& J  Q
rather than
2 D* Q0 i. t. a, K& R  X on the one hand. H- Q" A* y( O
on the other hand
4 |9 L( j; M. B even if
8 j0 ^' A5 j9 a' U apart from
1 y- v- h4 }& p3 A* }0 H- _/ Z instead of' K$ \3 S1 i/ }/ I& |: Z; n
even so( V, f& Z. `' S5 v7 h

: S1 _7 Q+ e) ]! m' N , L# h) S( `2 ]! u' F1 N6 ]( `
6. 表示证据出现 , t0 ]6 J' Z& w! [; h: {( Z: |& ^
$ C9 K% b! ]  i: L. f# `
since: r. r" g; Y. @9 D4 Q; D
because
, R0 e/ C! ~" b2 O( G actually: C/ s0 A8 i' c: }: z; Z
in fact
! D4 P, |8 _+ U4 e7 s8 l, ?2 i as a matter of fact' K( U4 l4 T4 j" H
as a result) J/ a; P9 m0 B8 e3 V6 i; y
due to5 d4 D! w) Y# _) L8 R4 I7 Q
owing to- r. W1 ~6 a2 v( r% \

) a2 V* y) [( B+ l. }7. 表示推理
- y) X1 R- Z  [9 P' o7 I% Y0 Q  S5 ]' J+ P4 ?( I% O
as a result
8 t# A$ b% T0 e. r% V" x6 \3 N* n accordingly
! \" s( s$ L; v: C' W. J" A consequently
7 [( S  @. Y  ]0 C2 O3 | hence% e4 x7 ~* l7 I& x: J
thus
$ R5 q# N1 u8 D! W8 }& N; p+ B7 K ultimately% f% s: L: F( {0 n4 N9 R
thereby
  F$ [9 G2 A9 Z/ E0 W therefore
5 @0 ~9 [) E: L' G2 n3 s as a consequence: l7 s7 M) W% I; u% [8 p" j+ i- J& a
if so
# _/ H& F6 \: U$ H$ H if not
7 u0 v* m, W& A according to$ ~. |$ @' ]* I
8. 表示反复说明
& a: g4 G, o- \4 h
, t2 ^" D6 J: B in other words7 u2 j6 ?4 N5 `* I, k8 e
briefly  {  z4 b$ v$ a# W* o
that is
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