托福写作：写作时必备抽象词（17）

会计考友

Prevail  
用法：①If a proposal, principle ,or opinion prevails , it gains influence or is accepted, often after a struggle or argument.  
例句：After the 1870’ s, a number of important authors began to reject the romanticism that had prevailed immediately following the Civil War of 1861-1865 and turned instead to realism. (2001-08)  
* K% L' _2 {1 y: u/ a* K3 l②If a situation , attitude, or custom prevails in a particular place at a particular time, it is normal or most common in that place at that time.  
4 T6 l. o; n) |0 V9 _6 t  F3 s例句：This attitude prevailed even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential feature of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology.(1998-10)  
③If one side in a battle, contest, or dispute prevails , it wins.  
④If you prevail upon someone to do something, you succeed in persuading them to do it.  

5 C4 b& E+ |0 _Presume  
5 ?* z8 A& y4 ^0 e( x# ?- E用法：①If you presume that something is the case, you think that it is the case, although you are not certain.  
( y3 X/ E; i& a②If you say that someone presume to do something, you mean that they do it even though they have no right to do it.  
③If an idea, theory, or plan presumes certain facts, it regards them as true so that they can be used as a basis for further ideas and theories.  

Proclaim  
; `! p" |7 o. s用法：①If people proclaim something, they formally make it known to the public.=declare  
例句：Advocates of organic foods – a term whose meaning varies greatly – frequently proclaim that such products are safer and more nutritious than others.（1995-08）  
②If you proclaim something, you state it in an emphatic way.  
例句：Their distrust was caused, in part, by a national ideology that proclaimed farming the greatest occupation and rural living superior to urban living.（1998-10）