反译:在不少情况下,有的介词短语如不从反面着笔,译文就不通,这时必须反译。如:1 `( I9 \; g) C/ U
①beyond, past,against等表示超过某限度的能力或反对……时,其短语有时用反译法。如:
( w0 S3 m# e0 u$ f1 h It is post repair.这东西无法修补了。: F, u9 g9 ]& }4 O! e
There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet.有些论据不同意这行星上可能有生物。
$ f9 U8 c# ?0 J Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes.射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。& j! T7 [3 k1 M8 v. n9 W8 f
②off, from等表示地点,距离时,有时有反译法。如:; b- |& s. B( O% e {$ _3 T% _
The boat sank off the coast.这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。. J1 M" t: P& l8 I. c: n8 F$ h8 \; K
③but,except,besides等表示除去、除外时,有时用反译法。4 q. b$ l3 d0 @9 l v, ]
Copper is the best conductor but silver.铜是仅次于银的最优导体。! V" k# J) z: b
The mdelecular formula, C6H14, does not show anything except the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms.分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。) z6 _+ A7 Z, t7 E9 Z
④from,in等介词短语作补足语时,有时用反译法。如:
$ r$ f7 w! @) \ An iron case will keep the Earths magnetic field away from the compass.铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。" k( C" I3 ^2 U8 M' m1 Z
The signal was shown about the machine being order.信号表明机器设有毛病。- \3 ?( E" ?- E% O l G
一个词脱离上下文是不能翻译的(索伯列夫),没有上下文就没有词义。介词的翻译须根据上下文和词的搭配灵活处理,切忌作对号入座的机械翻译 |