第一, 定语从句。
3 n% C( [* u7 {! _' k 这应该算是写作中最常用的一种句型之一。适当地运用定语从句可以给你的文章增色不少。
% ?% j, O2 O* g5 M+ W3 w& g 例如,下面的这两个句子用上定语从句马上就变成了一个漂亮的复杂句。/ c, N) N( S- F3 `, c9 ~
Bad books contain evil thoughts. In them, there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex.
$ I* N7 Y* y1 g& H → Bad books, in which there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts.: E& k& N5 ^/ ?3 ?* l6 ^
第二, 状语从句。
+ l6 Z9 c9 s3 L5 q. { 在写作当中运用的最多的是以下五种状语从句,即原因状语从句,让步状语从句,条件状语从句,时间状语从句和目的状语从句。7 n7 B a7 d0 d4 c" j
1. 原因状语从句:常由because, as, since和for引导+ z* E+ ^2 }. s& D i( d0 ]* G
Eg: Nonetheless, I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh demerits.0 K6 S! b, q% F; k- b' ^
尽管如此,我还是赞成太空探险,因为它的好处远远大于坏处。/ \. g4 \- _/ ?2 [
2. 让步状语从句:常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和notwithstanding引导- f8 [+ p/ \% i4 m
Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.6 o" C3 } F1 X% l7 }- d% V' f* e
尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
/ f% y* R* @" Z6 _' u5 K. m1 f 3. 条件状语从句:常由if, on the condition that和providing that引导6 h. R1 n. |' k( ]2 c/ U8 g4 U
Eg: If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.) y2 A+ a6 k: U+ @, Z% }" N
假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志,你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。: k+ H; ^# H1 b0 b! M8 U2 \
4. 时间状语从句:常由when和while引导
) g; p% }: l, J$ |( z Eg: When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
/ c5 K. x; A- s( g, l/ B6 I0 n0 F 说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
$ x8 L- t8 z* {; e8 c 5. 目的状语从句: 常由so that和in order that引导
4 }1 \1 `# [1 W! o$ Y Eg: Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.
( y& |6 K$ s5 S7 M 成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。 |