5)反译:在不少情况下,有的介词短语如不从反面着笔,译文就不通,这时必须反译。如: / j" a5 Q V; g ①beyond, past,against等表示超过某限度的能力或反对时,其短语有时用反译法。如:; f9 U+ f4 q0 L- P H
It is post repair.这东西无法修补了。1 S, j: G" ~" F8 V( M( H
There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet.有些论据不同意这行星上可能有生物。 ! e! w. ?/ ^' k7 \5 l Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes.射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。 ! P% K4 I$ p7 |1 o+ \ ②off, from等表示地点,距离时,有时有反译法。如: 1 h/ y- j5 A& c0 L The boat sank off the coast。这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。# D) l" j1 O+ c2 n9 J8 X
③but,except,besides等表示除去、除外时,有时用反译法。 K* s7 Z! Z1 }1 Q Copper is the best conductor but silver.铜是仅次于银的最优导体。/ f6 n2 v( z) G2 g! a2 B2 F
The mdelecular formula, C6H14, does not show anything except the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms。分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。" Y4 x2 t# P: x) @& s- m% N+ m
④from,in等介词短语作补足语时,有时用反译法。如:) j! r* `3 q; c# D
An iron case will keep the Earths magnetic field away from the compass.铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。 $ [: s3 M' m9 j2 v7 ? The signal was shown about the machine being order。信号表明机器设有毛病。 ; A" ^7 z* ?3 b- d2 x' l- Y 一个词脱离上下文是不能翻译的(索伯列夫),没有上下文就没有词义。介词的翻译须根据上下文和词的搭配灵活处理,切忌作对号入座的机械翻译