5)反译:在不少情况下,有的介词短语如不从反面着笔,译文就不通,这时必须反译。如:" l/ _! j6 r3 L+ t$ M: v! f2 Z
①beyond, past,against等表示超过某限度的能力或反对时,其短语有时用反译法。如:9 {! \; k; Y8 L& o% O
It is post repair.这东西无法修补了。 ! x- s& Q% I% {1 I There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet.有些论据不同意这行星上可能有生物。 # j. m" q3 e& C Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes.射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。 8 X5 X2 i& B7 r3 Y) ? ②off, from等表示地点,距离时,有时有反译法。如: 6 t; u+ p5 d/ c/ _# |# U The boat sank off the coast。这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。4 N/ N0 ~4 O7 y# Y7 L! e
③but,except,besides等表示除去、除外时,有时用反译法。- V- q% C$ a5 g8 s1 x
Copper is the best conductor but silver.铜是仅次于银的最优导体。/ e/ I5 t9 M9 P# u+ q
The mdelecular formula, C6H14, does not show anything except the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms。分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。- K& `4 F9 Z8 ]1 B
④from,in等介词短语作补足语时,有时用反译法。如:" [0 r5 z6 W1 q" I) Q
An iron case will keep the Earths magnetic field away from the compass.铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。' j) e X4 n! k
The signal was shown about the machine being order。信号表明机器设有毛病。 9 Y7 I& S$ V$ v+ v0 P. U6 Y! S 一个词脱离上下文是不能翻译的(索伯列夫),没有上下文就没有词义。介词的翻译须根据上下文和词的搭配灵活处理,切忌作对号入座的机械翻译