surging—— To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage猛增=accelerating S( f3 T; ]$ U& {
surpass—— To be or go beyond, as in degree or quality; exceed胜过=exceed, outrun
# ?+ E) }' _ H2 S8 o sustain—— To keep in existence; maintain继续生存;维持=maintain5 p& B$ } w$ s
sustenance—— Something, especially food, that sustains life or health营养物,尤指食物=fare Food and drink; diet食物和饮料 r p: H0 f2 a
Means of livelihood生计=livelihood
1 D) f' O1 Y: ^% V6 [4 E supplement——Something added to complete a thing, make up for a deficiency, or extend or strengthen the whole补充物,用来完成某事、补充不足、扩展或加强=extension0 Q4 O9 p! ~* Q
An addition that increases the area, influence, operation, or contents of something扩大9 @1 o* Y1 J. L2 G9 X4 q
supreme——Greatest in importance, degree, significance, character, or achievement最重要的=outstanding% Y+ I3 w7 ~2 ` x( o M+ Z
succinct——Characterized by clear, precise expression in few words; concise and terse简明的=concise3 w/ W' f5 L: w* o. P
sufficient——Being as much as is needed充足的=adequate
9 Q. y, N& V# y: S7 j* @# S) h2 I5 V7 K sumptuous——Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense; lavish豪华的;花费奢侈的=luxurious
4 X2 d* _1 J! h7 q' _ substantial——Considerable in importance, value, degree, amount, or extent有重大价值的=considerable Worthy of consideration; significant重要的
" o$ \" z! ?4 a; h substitute——One that takes the place of another; a replacement代用品=replacement, in place of代替* {: o, l" L, [! b1 T3 n0 n2 [
subsidize——To assist or support with a subsidy以津贴补助=finance To supply funds to给…提供资金) Z$ g, o$ G8 l j- Z8 H
subtle——So slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze; elusive纤细的,细小的=slight
* F1 v S3 X4 T3 O- a submit——提出,提交=present提出;呈递6 _* D/ L+ Y8 w
subsidy——Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person orsgroupsin support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest补助金=financing融通资金/ h5 i8 m' | c2 t4 H1 a
subject to ——在……条件下;易受……的侵袭;受控制=expose to, susceptible to2 R2 z2 r8 |. \: q" l! ]
stretch——A continuous or unbroken length, area, or expanse连续不断的长度,地区或空间=span The extent or measure of space between two points or extremities, as of a bridge or roof; the breadth跨度两点或两端间的空间 Q" X( F2 X) `9 O
strike——To engage in a strike against an employer罢工=walkout" {9 Q7 T S+ B5 M
To come to; attain来到;到达= make contact with h" p5 U: k' u5 N) |6 X
striking—— Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.惹人注目的=prominent Immediately noticeable; conspicuous显眼的
% `6 Z! Z6 B0 ~$ f stringent—— Imposing rigorous standards of performance; severe严格的=strict7 E; f, V: t( H' { r, e, n5 q2 v
stimulus—— Something that incites or rouses to action; an incentive激发物=motivate6 s2 R% I/ W6 J N
strain ——To pull, draw, or stretch tight拉紧=tension The act or process of stretching something tight拉紧" |: F& O& a& ]
stationary—— Not capable of being moved; fixed不能被移动的;固定的=fixed, immobile L" T3 C* ~, C( @0 r
status——Position relative to that of others; standing地位=standing# O% }6 @7 ]6 J) d3 \* v- }) x
sticky——shavingsthe property of adhering or sticking to a surface; adhesive粘的=adhere, cement
* j s1 |8 \- D6 { staple—— A basic or principal element or feature主要成分,基本成分=basic element4 [3 n6 W' Z5 q1 v4 x! s- h4 K5 F
squirt—— To issue forth in a thin forceful stream or jet; spurt喷=spurt out v.喷出" g% j. `' g& D9 A% h7 d8 R
staggering—— Causing great astonishment, amazement, or dismay; overwhelming令人大为吃惊、惊讶或沮丧的;使束手无策的=overwhelming- m. _/ }9 P3 U: S5 { u
spur—— To incite or stimulate刺激,鞭策=stimulate
6 t4 g% \& B I5 G- P7 C' E speculate about—— To assume to be true without conclusive evidence推测=hypothesize To assert as a hypothesis假设
& ]$ i/ O6 @7 _) J spinal——Of, relating to, or situated near the spine or spinal cord; vertebral脊柱的=backbone3 {* h5 ?) Z3 H5 n! ?% m. w6 e
spark—— To set in motion; activate发动;触发=bring about引起;致使;造成;达成
5 t9 e* |& i7 [* Q/ b+ w spawn—— To give rise to; engender造成;使产生=create |