(5)反译:在不少情况下,有的介词短语如不从反面着笔,译文就不通,这时必须反译。如: ①beyond, past,against等表示超过某限度的能力或反对……时,其短语有时用反译法。如:
3 @' L6 p7 I' I: D! b* L# h! z2 f It is post repair.这东西无法修补了。& h5 J h+ V0 {5 |/ B; x
There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet.有些论据不同意这行星上可能有生物。$ ~/ ^, A: ^) P4 C
Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes.射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。: t& H9 c# r4 N: U! n' z( E0 e
②off, from等表示地点,距离时,有时有反译法。如:; S6 t% O6 l6 U1 U$ n" q
The boat sank off the coast.这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。2 P& o4 a, @7 ~1 d. l( n
③but,except,besides等表示除去、除外时,有时用反译法。
/ ~3 |0 o* I7 D2 y) V Copper is the best conductor but silver.铜是仅次于银的最优导体。
* ~6 J' Q0 @ \4 a% ` The mdelecular formula, C6H14, does not show anything except the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms.分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。% T4 M h" n4 O
④from,in等介词短语作补足语时,有时用反译法。如:# D* ?. Q. Z6 E* X
An iron case will keep the Earths magnetic field away from the compass.铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。2 d s1 @. u" c
The signal was shown about the machine being order.信号表明机器设有毛病。
( i) \$ _3 g/ x8 G& J 一个词脱离上下文是不能翻译的(索伯列夫),没有上下文就没有词义。介词的翻译须根据上下文和词的搭配灵活处理,切忌作对号入座的机械翻译。 |