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[词汇辅导] 托福词汇考试中不定代词的用法(下)

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发表于 2012-8-15 00:34:18 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  4.neither与nor的用法
8 ^% g/ y# \3 I  1)如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用nor.
$ q3 b; J/ s% {8 D# J0 A1 B& [  If you don't do it,neither should I.如果你不干,我也不干。
% H/ V) N+ ~# x) [  2)如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither.6 ?, l" Y" u) L. p
  He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate.
! W) r% Y. h. m( P. B4 {  5.代词比较one,that和it(☆☆☆重要考点)
* }0 s1 ^* ?# f/ C; W  1)one表示泛指,that和it表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it与所指名词为同一个。
' P! {5 V( t# F. A; ?, O  I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)
, W; L/ L+ V( G" m  我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。, a: m' A. ~& G. t. E8 j. \4 {" @
  The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。
2 Y# u$ h4 `. a0 q, d; a7 r: u  I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.(同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了% b4 L2 |5 e! \9 d2 b, a
  6.one/another/the other的用法4 M3 D3 F  L  {3 Z) T  V7 L
  one…the other只有两个
3 \/ s! x7 G! n0 M9 T$ u  some…the others有三个以上4 c' m& |. I/ d8 E. t
  one…another,another…
& B9 l5 C4 B; W# X8 @) q  some…others,others…
- i6 C2 ?5 ~" T% j2 x0 q8 z1 v, L  others = other people/things
+ R( J& v& M7 v: E7 d  the others = the rest剩余的全部
/ `& k" K' T; t, C0 }  1)泛指另一个用another.
3 A; K) L9 ?4 e& @4 w7 ~0 {  2)一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other.
/ f% S& }4 W1 F" X) l  3)一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,a third.
7 t" `0 h' p6 E. F3 d4 Z: j  4)一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others.$ U) t+ w7 J2 S& c& d9 d
  5)泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others.% t8 H! Y( g8 G
  7.anyone/any one;no one/none的用法4 u9 {' S' Q" m, Z' }
  1) anyone和any one
5 n1 V  r9 o8 t# _, B7 Q( p  anyone仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。
6 c8 _  q7 c2 y0 q7 C, p$ N  G  2) no one和none
% X; R' g0 u- Y, l+ E  a)none后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,只指人。: a1 z2 t9 j$ v
  b)none作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。
5 v0 a  s4 J; G% Z2 i  None of you could lift it.你们中没有人可举起它。5 r" |) Q1 L) r5 i: s- Y4 g2 |
  ---- Did any one call me up just now?--刚才有人打电话给我吗?
# W+ K; R" I+ l# }8 L/ ]: h  ---- No one.--没有。
) D2 i( |4 R" T6 ?: G5 J  8. few, little, a few, a little的用法
$ o4 y. W+ _2 j0 v% Z  1)(a) few +可数名词, (a) little +不可数名词
7 k9 s( i# O3 i6 U+ x  2)a few / a little为肯定含义,还有一点* l& ~6 u+ n$ A. F6 H
  3)few / little为否定含义,没有多少了。
7 H" [3 I1 {3 Q  He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
* R7 U6 H7 h3 w0 b& k  He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。& Z6 }; s% W: a# ~' L8 N0 j( N
  We still have a little time.我们还有点时间。
9 p: M& v' Z; f0 p  There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。
% n0 F$ ]2 O3 O: y# _5 k  4)固定搭配:
5 }5 ^8 Z) m) X  f. G* I5 V  only a few (=few)not a few (=many)quite a few (=many)- C, h7 K  _0 ]: t' F7 }
  many a (=many)
2 X: e2 a- C3 [4 z% N* e# X' j3 l  Many books were sold.% v! q+ B/ ?# @4 _1 E$ k
  Many a book was sold.
: I( i* q2 W7 A" e  卖出了许多书。; b) ]( L+ X  o4 _/ U. c. U  {9 c
  9many, much的用法
' T" N% @" L/ X5 R8 I; i% O5 `- ?  Many,much都意为“许多”,many +可数名词,much +不可数名词。8 p( t) q  @+ H5 p# b/ F# U: D
  How many people are there at the meeting?; Z  P% s; r6 W% H  x. L
  How much time has we left?/ W, z$ l! t0 w: y" C; H) M& H! ^
  Many of the workers were at the meeting.+ b/ a  y' E7 A2 z, u
  Much of the time was spent on learning
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