1. 含并列连词and but or的平行结构' P/ C$ p( J0 s, c6 e: E
解题要点 当上述并列连词连接两项或多项对等成分时,这些成分必须同词性、同形式。特别注意出现三项以上(含三项)的并列成分,多是考试焦点。 全真例题分析
Z% K' x& y# q( v$ v7 K (1) Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or opaque, and it may be colorless or colored (91.5)
. v% s7 I) Y" j/ T) k! k6 r$ J4 { [答案] A 并列连词or连接三项,其中两项为形容词translucent与opaque,故(A)应用形容词transparent与之并列。
9 e' M+ A2 V( | (2) At the age of 94. Composer, conductor. Arranger. And acting Eva Jessye led her choral group in the first production of the opera porgy and Bess, written in 1935. (92.1)1 Z/ ^3 M; q2 \- L' f7 z2 X( d
[答案] A 并列连词and连接四项表示身份职业的名词,故(A)动名词应改为actress.* E( d X0 F: V. m* P& @
(3) Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as (91.10)3 U2 A2 Z3 Y+ B9 t
[答案] C 并列连词or连接四项名词结构,其中cell 和organ皆为单数形式,故(C)亦应改为单数tissue.
) W, T& K m9 K6 ]" g: P( @7 W (4) Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with Products, alert them to new opportunities, and paving the way for other sales activities (93.1)
9 X2 ?0 A: |; D; a2 x0 g6 Z! o3 ~ [答案] C 并列连词and连接三项动宾结构,前两项均为动词原形,故(C)动名词亦应改为原形动词pave.
) X, M1 | E3 n6 z* E# p' q2 W (5) A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the lengendaiy Loch Ness monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. (93.10)& ^; U7 C1 X: j) _
[答案] D 并列连词or连接三项成分。前两项均为名词,故(D)不应出现句子结构,而应改为名词tricks与前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。
& f) W1 G, ^3 A1 ], x (6) The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations and plays vital rode in chewing, swallowed and speaking.$ ]" u3 j6 D) q# k- `
[答案] D 并列连词and连接三个单词。其中两项均为动名词,故(D)亦应改为动名词swallowing.
! L' Y/ j$ C# v* P9 s1 u' d 2. 比较级句型要求对比双方结构对等,比较范围相当。
9 n8 ~ I o7 G3 R5 a& i+ I5 V 全真列题分析
5 F1 [* _7 U# J) s5 S; Y% P# Y (1) Probably no man had more effcet on the daily lives of most people in the United States —— Henry Ford. A pioneer in automobile production.
# r: D2 w* @% ]' ~2 a. h1 v5 s (A) as was7 h, w( a& N! H9 m9 ]: f* v4 l
(B) than was& }% O* Y& o7 j+ k7 R9 s
(C) than did0 d% V5 u2 w9 e7 Q; f. }3 R
(D) as did (92.8): e8 q* L2 X) T- b7 L b/ K
[答案] C 比较句型 more…than 要求比较的双方结构相等。前项是实义动词的过去时形式had,故选(C)than did与之平行。
$ W! i# Z% |/ X: T4 q7 x (2) The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than ——
' j6 }* k# V: S$ c" x7 ] (A) there are most other states6 O; Z) ?! |+ h" ~( J2 I/ C
(B) most other states which have
& x" ~9 ~; y, u: C4 F. T8 a$ X (C) most other states have
+ ~5 F7 A B+ _1 x) a/ x1 z6 ^ (D) having most other states (93.10)
& U5 i7 z$ D8 [0 m5 x" r [答案] C 这是标准的more…than比较句型。只有(C)的句子结构与相对比的前一项完全一致。+ g% u3 O8 ]! @) V
(3) The annual worth of Utah*s manufacturing is greater than——+ n4 g5 Z8 d- M4 Q
(A) that of its mining and farming combined7 q, P/ |/ b/ |% k8 F8 }/ o, v6 \
(B) mining and farming combination0 |5 y. }% u* a8 {
(C) that mining and farming combined3 v1 C; ]& s) B8 u
(D) of its combination mining and farming (91.8); I; {1 I0 w# ?* K" o% v( }8 U
[答案] A 此句比较的是utah的年产值(the annual worth) (A)中that即代替了the annual worth,故前后比较的范围,内容一致。
5 c8 A% d( Q/ a% g/ s (4) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than——
. u% n% m. |9 U' \0 n8 {* F (A) the domestic marketer has. C) S/ X0 Q( R/ b9 H( Q' ~
(B) the domestic marketer does
* b6 L5 G) `. i+ g& Y (C) those of the domestic marketer
8 E5 B( ^* ?9 P (D) that which has the domestic marketer (91.5)
2 E0 w# N4 c% W' d/ s [答案] C 此句比较的是国际市场研究者与国内市场研究者的活动(the activities) 为避免同词重复,用(C)those来代替前面的名词the activities ,因而对比双方比较的范围是平行相等的。$ y; n' A h I
(5) Fructose is a monosaccharide sugar that is much sweeter —— a) f% a% t$ B/ k* R2 n1 [; |2 m
(A) than cane sugar does/ ?+ x5 {' M9 T
(B) does cane sugar Q0 d5 q" U, M2 h, V
(C) cane sugar
2 Q4 y8 _8 A4 X3 w9 f/ _ (D) than cane sugar (90.5)! r. M- L: y2 U: ~3 Z% k% t2 d
[答案] D 此比较句型前半部分主系表结构,后半部不可出现助动词does(答案A及B),但可省略系词,如(D)。3 e- i8 x8 X! h
3. 比较句型 the +比较级…the+比较级要求前后结构相等。 全真例题分析% _: i# o- ?+ H! {; {8 v
(1) The flatter a hair appears under a microscope —— wavier it is.# [- e/ l& ^" p! `8 C3 |
(A) although
% W1 j ^7 I( U5 o4 A (B) which
; j: r1 G' L8 @ (C) and5 R+ q# q* k# {; \6 }+ M3 |
(D) the (92.1)4 ^# l3 d3 `3 O
[答案] D The flatter a hair appears 与(D)the wavier it is 是完全对等的结构。
3 p, ^' I3 } I h% O8 M& c 比较级 主语 谓语动词 比较级 主语 系动词
, q! b: G! Y2 L, o, O. `5 n8 h( E4 ]1 v. |
(2) The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, —— to the body. |