</p> 全真例题分析
) U5 t5 W; s- K4 I5 U1 p (1) During the eighteenth century, Little Turtle was chief of the Miami tribe whose territory became —— is now Indiana and Ohio.
8 S7 p* q5 o" _8 B, P, _7 o (A) there$ t1 L$ `, w, G/ n. T: f1 a
(B) where
! @$ f2 v9 M% w) {: G, { (C) that6 D+ I" `' u1 f& V7 Q7 E; B7 ?4 I
(D) what (93.5)- z6 Y# e% `7 o- E
[答案] D what = the area that.What所指代的是地点、位置。然而,此句却不可选择(B)where.因为关系副词where不能作从句的主语。只有what即是先行词又是关系代词。% T/ S$ r% }. l( F
(2) The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on —— best in its climate and soil.0 S2 u- }1 p( W0 f v
(A) it grows- T6 B; {* L; A' N9 y) ^8 R
(B) what grows
, G- C$ Y( M$ ^3 q (C) does it grow
9 P" E/ S7 N; h' p. t0 T+ R (D) what does grow (90.1)
7 b. J- N2 [) W3 }: r [答案] B what grows = the thing that grows…另请注意:介词后面通常不能接that引导的从句,但可接what引导的名词性从句。
% P( p4 H- I% } (3) A hinge joint is —— permits the forward and backward movement of a door./ }, b" S: V. Y6 w# s: H5 F O
(A) the
% ^9 D+ U4 E$ i (B) what& ^1 ], |1 ~4 m2 R7 E
(C) those
: I2 W. q7 f, ?1 e# Y" y (D) whose (88.10)6 ]) o$ H I3 q- o
[答案] B what = the thing that…+ k7 n) B# T' U5 i- }
(4) Essentially, a theory is an abstract. Symbolic representation of —— reality.
4 F8 a* z8 W- n) n( L& p0 L7 u6 N (A) what it is conceived
- t0 C! [) x) k" ]5 V& Z9 [ (B) that is conceived4 Q* D3 b8 J8 `3 p/ L
(C) what is conceived to be' V! \9 z% f9 t8 i# v4 z
(D) that is being conceived of (89.5)
8 D9 O6 D+ z$ ]/ k [答案] C what = the thing that (is conceived to be…) .答案(A)中的代词it是多余的,因为what本身即已包含了先行词(the thing ) 和关系代词(that) .答案(B)中的关系代词that引导的从句不可以置于介词的后面。
" N! y( E" o+ P d; O$ e (5) Most of the food what elephants eat is brought to their mouths by their trunks. (93.10
2 j; s, C+ R8 y5 o/ F5 [ [答案] B what应改为that.此句已含有先行词food,不能再用关系代词what.5 ~. G" x( q# a" S6 L* f' P/ D! \
5. 主句和从句
( M4 t# H4 J k5 y& Q" v- ` 解题要点 主语从句是TOEEL常考而中国考生又较陌生英文文法结构。有关主语从句的命题几乎全部集中在structure (1-15题)中。主语从句的特点是读起来有种头重脚轻的感觉,而且有两个谓语动词。连词That 引导的主语从句应特别留意。因为That 在句中没有任何意义,它只具有引导出主语从句的功能,因而很容易被忽略。% j# {/ a- O+ u% ~& `4 V, F' T
全真例题分析1 [4 t. y6 m* z# ~ o- J6 }
(1) —— xenon could not from chemical compounds was once believed by scientists.
8 v$ t; [/ g7 ], L (A) For; S5 K5 j, ~2 B
(B) It was: @: V( p; ^* V
(C) That
/ o& a+ g. g( {+ Q (D) While (91.1)
$ l& Z y, L* C r& y [答案] C That引导的主语从句。其中第一个谓语动词could from 是从句的谓语,第二个系动was是主句的谓语。5 W0 Z6 B1 b, I1 E0 \4 y6 u
(2) —— to space travelers is high acceleration of deceleration forces.
4 c+ w* o) t& E" \/ x" M7 s (A) Danger can be2 z* o1 e+ n& ?# }! \
(B) They can be dangerous
) i- o& c( t* A- F9 G2 j3 p- a; T5 f (C) What can be dangerous
2 K/ X& E/ z% B4 ]- w (D) While danger (93.1)* Q/ j8 R% {9 h$ @! c0 ^
[答案] C what引导的主语从句。What既是从句的连词,又是从句的主语。
+ _, F! N I b! [ (3) —— has been a topic of continual geological research.. d; W- w3 S! W R
(A) Did the continents originate
+ g1 ?4 y% m5 E/ W (B) How did the continents originate: }1 S5 S9 [, x4 A) [
(C) Have the continents originated
9 t _ m5 Z' i( F (D) How the continents originated (91.1)
! k4 F0 H" p- y# G$ J, K8 H1 P9 v# { [答案] D How 引导的主语从句。/ J, ]: z2 |7 V- z( v0 u$ J
(4) —— progress helps to relieve scarcities is a fact accepted by economists.
3 Q( Q7 P5 `, z; P% ? (A) Technological: w6 R( s8 C; O) {8 c
(B) That technological' [0 G( L" G. Y1 K A8 a
(C)Although technological, ?; E* F, s$ p/ l
(D)There is technological P6 O6 ~9 q5 i9 ^
[答案] B. That 引导的主语从句,当连续读到两个谓语动词(e.g. Helps…is),而空格在句首,应首先考虑主语从句。这是主语从句典型的句子结构。 |