.Historical inquiry is a rational discipline only because of common stan-
1 Z. L0 j. j/ L! a, G# jdards by which competing historical theories can be judged. Some
3 N# H- z2 j$ M/ Z' A7 vhistorians claim that their theories are exempt from these standards,3 M' P' g9 ?0 K
since the theories can explain away any evidence that might be brought& X0 T1 n. S" I/ {; i( z
against them. No truly rational account, however, would be immune in& I2 t' S, H/ S4 T5 D- M
this way to rational refutation.; H1 G9 G: Y G. f
The passage is structured to lead to the conclusion that 7 u2 y; J6 u4 b% r7 |- [) }& E2 l
the existence of historical theories that cannot be refuted using the
* Z. ]! ]! ?5 x: r Q normal standards of historical inquiry shows that historical inquiry r7 Y }* D% o
is not rational 7 j7 M6 \5 _6 R' G7 ]; y6 r* Q
a historical theory that can account for any conceivable or actual con-( Q) t3 Z* E6 c5 W# D6 d
trary evidence is not a rational historical theory " \7 T% Z$ O4 X5 k h) R
one can only be sure that a historical theory is rational once it has
* G8 [9 D' H; Z9 d" O/ H been refuted / w2 ~4 u) R" Z
the rationality of historical inquiry depends on certain kinds of histori-
# |- T* {) c! H3 z) E, K% y cal theories never receiving serious consideration by historians
- B9 y( x# I( p6 {$ f4 B all that has to be done in order to prove the irrationality of a historical
. d' I9 j9 d( g2 p. D theory is to ignore the standards by which historical theories can be
( Q4 C. G7 o; M judged
2 e& a7 {* E, z+ M- q& o9 p) n答案B |