22. lt can be inferred from the passage that Chinese observations of the Sun
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during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries
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(A) are ambiguous BECause most sunspots cannot be seen with the naked eye
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(B) probably were made under the same weather conditions as those made in Europe ( }4 N0 |) ]3 c! H; J2 D
+ F) e$ ?3 n C$ B# ]# ? (C) are more reliable than European observations . made during this period
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$ q' r4 p g' Q, e: V! p; m3 a (D) record some sunspot activity during this period # ^- o7 H& D/ Q) I A, r _
% S+ R1 Z7 {! A0 c% } (E) have been employed by scientists seeking to argue that a change in solar
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activity occurred during this period. 0 f7 E4 L. f+ ?% ]' D6 T
% x& Y* H# N/ E) {! g 23. It can be inferred from the passage that studies attempting to use tree-ring 6 N6 h2 N. ` {
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thickness to locate possi- ble links between solar periodicity and terrestrial
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climate are based on which of the following assump- tions? 1 }; I) y% x) e
( k4 ?( n7 `6 l6 M6 p (A) The solar-activity cycle existed in its present form during the time period
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7 d6 E( x5 i' D6 ?- W% n p in which the tree rings erew.
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0 B) W1 K$ ^- T3 q& q7 Z0 P5 h5 f (B) The biological mechanisms causing tree growth are unaffected by short-term
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+ U: e: ]3 Q& s- { weather pat- terns.
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(C) Average tree-ring thickness varies from species to species. 7 p6 o+ O) ? a" p& @
" X8 i! z( Q/ b; w1 A2 D (D) Tree-ring thicknesses reflecr changes in terres- trial climate. J: H) O: A, |
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(E) Both terrestrial climate and the solar-activity cycle randomly af~ct tree-ring % | M2 t- U L5 h- G
) o* _% Y& s9 l# B2 {# r0 x thickness. # x0 }! h/ \5 a8 y0 p( q
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The common belief of some linguists that each
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language is a perfect vehicle for the thoughts of the * ] ~! q& Y! g q" t2 z
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nation speaking it is in some ways the exact counterpart - u1 J/ `4 ?1 q. O
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of the conviction of the Manchester school of economics 1 a7 N7 Q' K* ~7 N
3 R7 T" k: Q x: b0 S7 {& r9 k5 J/ Y that supply and demand will regulate everything for the(5) 8 {- C6 g( G( W+ {# I2 h7 }& |
0 _+ l! g, I2 m b! a6 ? best. Just as economists were blind to the numerous
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cases in which the law of supply and demand left actual
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/ u# W& ]4 V0 i. X wants unsatisfied, so also many linguists are deaf to
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those instances in which the very nature of a ianguage 1 }' w* o0 Q6 [7 J. |' E
0 {9 r/ X" ~0 F6 W4 e calls forth misunderstandings in everyday conversation,(10)
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and in which, consequently, a word has to be modified 7 u3 q ^% }; q
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or defined in order to present the idea intended by the
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. B% Z* f; c% P. O' ?/ t& |& O/ \ W speaker: "He took his stick,no, not John's, but his $ }) D8 }7 r" r# b3 `
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own." No language is perfec't, and if we admit this truth, ! ?6 k1 l" h5 t, q- d% @. m7 h: @
( C/ L2 @3 s, ^ we must also admit that it is not unreasonable to investi-(15)
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7 J( ^! a$ k- h( l; g; a `- o" m gate the relative merits of different languages or of
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& h6 l, w! d5 v8 g) n( g& g, L different details in languages. 1 U& W2 h4 f: h$ t
4 {7 G+ |, V6 P0 F' C, B, w4 T& W' z 24. The primary purpose ofthe passage is to 0 S" x3 f! Z7 E* [" [
8 d e% C" ^4 Q& } (A) analyze an interesting feature of the English language 5 [) e- h) `( x$ D# \
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(B) refute a belief held by some linguists
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7 N: J( k2 ], x: K (C) show that economic theory is relevant to linguistic study ! @3 ?( _9 Q1 i9 a2 a! s' o5 F
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(D) iilustrate the confusion that can result from the improper use of * O( M4 K, T0 c; S3 S( u
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language
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(E) suggest a way in which languages can be made more nearly perfect. |
发表于 2012-8-15 12:40:43
