GRE考试：有关2010新版GRE样题的解析

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Text Completion Questions 段落完成问题(段落完型填空)
　　Text Completion questions include a passage composed of one to five sentences with one to three blanks. There are three answer choices per blank, or five answer choices if there is a single blank. There is a single correct answer, consisting of one choice for each blank. The examinee receives no credit for partially correct answers.
( d8 M# B+ ^. T3 q　　段落完型部分包括一个段落含有1至5个问题，每个问题有1至3个空格。每个空格(空格数量在两个以上)有3个备选答案，而对于空格数量者则有5个备选答案。每空只有一个正确答案。考生只有将所有答案做对该题才得分，即：空格在两个以上者不分开计分。
/ d6 J4 D5 b0 W+ g5 w　    2010年新版GRE样题是怎样的呢？下面就来介绍。
　    Sample Text Completion Questions 段落完型样题
5 S( d' N) e2 H: a6 H$ Z% w　　Directions: For each blank select one entry from the corresponding column of choices. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text.
　　答题指令：请在每个空格相应的栏目中选取能最好完善短文的备选答案。
　　1. It is refreshing to read a book about our planet by an author who does not allow facts to be (1)__________ by politics: well aware of the political disputes about the effects of human activities on climate and biodiversity, this author does not permit them to (2)__________ his comprehensive description of what we know about our biosphere. He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the (3)__________, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood before we can accurately diagnose the condition of our planet.
　　Blank (1)
　　Blank (2)
　　Blank (3)
2 q2 k" U' |9 l8 o( Q* a　　overshadowed
　　enhance
　　plausibility of our hypotheses
　　invalidated
　　obscure
　　certainty of our entitlement
+ A2 V( d8 `4 F# J; q3 r( p/ K　　illuminated
6 E  T$ p0 f6 N* O/ o' \　　underscore
　　superficiality of our theories
　　Answer choices for question 1.
' `& Y  n/ }4 c  p8 S　　Answer: overshadowed, obscure, and superficiality of our theories
  ^0 z/ w5 r" G  `( {　　第一空线索：
　　读某本书能带来refreshing效果，则表明这本书作者写作的效果就是有让我们refreshing的效果或者预期。所以，他“does not allow facts to be (1)__________ by politics”不会让政治“politics”对这本书作什么作用呢?当然是不会让政治使其破坏这本书“refreshing”的特点。则，第一空从正负就可以将illuminated排除。具体选择“overshadowed”“invalidated”还要参看第二空。
/ `# r1 i9 b+ W. [3 B　　第二空线索：
1 j/ m. `1 g8 \$ T1 P　　第二空线索说作者不允许them怎样。往前寻找them指代，很容易发现：them就是politics。这样一来，马上可以看到这样的重复：
2 J0 |- i: N. @5 I: ^, Y) B　　an author who does not allow facts to be (1)__________ by politics
" Y  }. E1 y8 \9 }( Y9 j　　= this author does not permit them to (2)__________
　　都是说作者不允许政治对书做怎样的动作。则两空是同义重复。又由于第一空推出动作是负面的。故两空都是负面的。则第二空是obscure, 而第一空也就只能是overshadow。
/ F: z) E3 M' k1 |　　第三空线索：
( q- ?8 ^7 K+ {, d+ a7 u( B　　实际上是三个并列重复，同时和一个分词构成手段和目的重复。
　　He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the (3)__________, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood
　　即：
6 D5 c8 S1 F. z1 D　　the enormous gaps in our knowledge,
+ V: R  Q5 N6 G" D$ a　　=the sparseness of our observations,
0 o/ u/ ^0 _5 t+ _& ?+ ?　　=(and) the (3)__________,
/ q% l; J; B5 w+ E　　=calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood
: R# X8 P+ t) T7 v　　可以推断空格应该填写一个负面评价。
* _9 ?/ B: C/ m! K+ G" |　　2. Vain and prone to violence, Caravaggio could not handle success: the more his (1)__________ as an artist increased, the more (2)__________ his life became.
　　Blank (1)
0 E. `/ i6 e( K, G3 Z　　Blank (2)
! ^  H" A. w/ T　　temperance
( ?- f- E& }3 n- A  P9 D$ G# F　　tumultuous
　　notoriety
　　providential
! p- _& F+ @/ E3 e, w5 z　　eminence
　　dispassionate
. a* [  X- }6 u+ f% O/ l& J7 D6 b$ H　　Answer choices for question 2.
( r" |/ e) A) X2 K# a" a5 B　　Answer: eminence and tumultuous
3 T/ N) `6 t1 p: d9 U) h' Q2 ]
7 U3 Y: d, w! P" U& b+ E' N　　句子很简单，逻辑也很清晰。冒号引出解释关系。已知部分说Caravaggio具有如下特点：Vain(1) and prone to violence(2)，could not handle success(3);则后面也要重复这两个特点。则后面the more …, the more所引导的内容也应该是重复这两个特点。两空都应该是负面 词汇 且重复Vain(1) ， prone to violence(2)，could not handle success(3)。则答案就是eminence(-)=tumultuous(-)。

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</p>　　一个人虚荣，行为易倾向于狂暴，不能善待自己的成功;则越成功越易疯狂激动。
　　3. The author's (1)__________ style renders a fascinating subject, the role played by luck in everyday life, extraordinarily (2)__________.
　　Blank (1)
　　Blank (2)
　　soporific
　　pedantic
　　lucid
　　tedious
$ Q+ T  s! b7 \) E　　colloquial
$ O4 l/ C3 v, g0 f4 n! m+ h　　opaque
% L: t! V& z; |$ @- B. q　　Answer choices for question 3.
) o4 O+ d; T; }* O# a$ S% ^$ N9 w　　Answer: soporific and tedious
　　第一空线索：作者怎样风格描绘了主体。插入语描述主体特点是the role played by luck in everyday life。
9 b# Y6 T( z% a　　第二空线索：评价作者对subject描述具有怎样特点。应该和第一空呼应。即两空是同义词。
　　即是soporific=tedious。
　　4. From the outset, the concept of freedom of the seas from the proprietary claims of nations was challenged by a contrary notion — that of the _______ of the oceans for reasons of national security and profit.
　　promotion
% ^* I" u* R' f　　exploration
　　surveying
! U' y+ V8 @5 b7 b　　conservation
3 ]  ~) z( u6 W6 Q: w+ }0 _　　appropriation
, G3 x, `8 W2 m/ F% G　　Answer choices for question 4.
) z" v6 Q/ f+ _4 ~　　Answer: appropriation
　　句子来自92国内题目。但是选项不同。
4 |5 d6 O2 V* G　　A promotion
% _* s4 O. P1 m# A. s4 k: [% n　　B exploration
　　C surviving
　　D conservation
) a2 s  N8 F6 V& v+ w　　E enclosure
6 E" e% V6 z: O　　(1)主干是：the concept … was challenged by a contrary notion;即：the concept  notion
: V* n4 \5 o! N2 ^, _1 y　　(2)由“of”引出的“the concept”的具体内容：freedom of the seas from the proprietary claims of nations，海洋独立于国家所有权。则notion 应该说：海洋应该隶属国家所有权。
3 Y# f  ^  H1 B0 @7 V9 |　　所以答案就是appropriation。和原来题目相比，不过就是把 单词 替换了一下。由此可见，这个改革貌似也不过如此，没有什么技术含量。
: o# J7 ^1 I/ K9 ?　　Sentence Equivalence Questions句子平衡问题
! v  s- g0 z2 g# q　　Sentence Equivalence questions consist of a single sentence, one blank, and six answer choices. These questions require the examinee to select two of the answer choices. The examinee receives no credit for partially correct answers.
. h* `0 i% b* |# N! Z2 p! b　　句子平衡问题包含一个句子，一个空格，6个选项。要求考生在其中选出2个答案。只选出一个答案不得分。
4 E) q' j' A- ?8 W4 Y　　Sample Sentence Equivalence Questions 句子平衡问题样题
" B' k8 L6 ?9 p5 V* }: q1 p6 h% \) E　　Directions: Select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.
0 R! Z. {  B0 S' [/ T　　答题指令：选择
　　1. Although it does contain some pioneering ideas, one would hardly characterize the work as __________.
　　A. orthodox
　　B. eccentric
$ g5 e- c; {) ?+ D. B　　C.original
, ^2 L6 Y8 m/ R# j' A/ t  s　　D.trifling
　　E. conventional
　　F. innovative
8 _, f# s, _% S1 j% W: u　　Answer: C and F
; z3 [! d4 @6 z: n! b$ @6 A$ q　　句子很简单。“although”引出一个转折关系逻辑。前面说有一些“pioneering ideas”，后面则应该否定“pioneering ideas”。否定已经由hardly表达出来。所以空格应该填写“pioneering ideas”。答案即是C、F。
　　2. The corporation expects only _______ increases in sales next year despite a yearlong effort to revive its retailing business.
　　A. dynamic
　　B. predictable
　　C.expanding
/ C1 m' t' R7 c, X) C, T! J　　D.modest
　　E. slight
　　F. volatile
　　Answer: D and E
% Z3 O7 i/ U3 V' `) c- r　　“despite”引出相反逻辑重复。后面说这个公司准备了很久了。正常情况下应该是很大的经济增长。转折后说增长很少即可。答案就是D&E。
　　题目来自no 9的题目。同样将选项 单词 做了一下变化。其中答案 单词 modest没替换，还加入了同义单词slight。原题目如下：
! F1 U* d- x4 U( V' Z/ H" P' r3 T" A　　The corporation expects only __ increases in sales next year despite a yearlong effort to revive its retailing business.
　　A unquestionable
6 Z( f1 X  y1 J* I6 X% g" v　　B sequential
　　C modest
. W) t* ~% P5 i　　D exaggerated
　　E groundless