GRE考试真题答案及解析（4）

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 12:45:20

15. FAIL-SAFE: MALFUNCTION::
(D) precarious: stability
(E) immutable: evolve
安全装置的：故障 (难以关系)
不定的;危险的：稳定性
不变的：演变;进化
[词义]
fail-safe adj. 安全装置的; 万无一失的 n. 自动安全装置
a.
1 : incorporating some feature for automatically counteracting the effect of an anticipated possible source of failure
2 : being or relating to a safeguard that prevents continuing on a bombing mission according to a preconceived plan
3 : having no chance of failure  : infallibly problem-free  *the little black dressThas consistently been the fail*safe solution for night — Vogue*
n.  : a device or measure that makes something fail-safe
precarious adj. 不稳的, 危险的
1 : depending on the will or pleasure of another
2 : dependent on uncertain premises  : DUBIOUS  *precarious generalizations*
3 a : dependent on chance circumstances, unknown conditions, or uncertain developments  b : characterized by a lack of security or stability that threatens with danger
synonyms see DANGEROUS
stability n. 稳定性
1 : the quality, state, or degree of being stable: as  a : the strength to stand or endure  : FIRMNESS  b : the property of a body that causes it when disturbed from a condition of equilibrium or steady motion to develop forces or moments that restore the original condition  c : resistance to chemical change or to physical disintegration
2 : residence for life in one monastery
immutable adj. 不变的
: not capable of or susceptible to change
evolve v. 使逐渐形成, 进化考试用书
transitive verb
1 : EMIT
2 a : DERIVE, EDUCE  b : to produce by natural evolutionary processes  c : DEVELOP, WORK OUT  *evolve social, political, and literary philosophies — L. W. Doob*
intransitive verb : to undergo evolutionary change
evolution n. 进化; 演变
1 : one of a set of prescribed movements
2 a : a process of change in a certain direction  : UNFOLDING  b : the action or an instance of forming and giving something off  : EMISSION  c (1) : a process of continuous change from a lower, simpler, or worse to a higher, more complex, or better state  : GROWTH  (2) : a process of gradual and relatively peaceful social, political, and economic advance  d : something evolved
3 : the process of working out or developing
4 a : the historical development of a biological group (as a race or species)  : PHYLOGENY  b : a theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations;  also : the process described by this theory
5 : the extraction of a mathematical root
6 : a process in which the whole universe is a progression of interrelated phenomena
[分析]
此次考试中的一道难题。Fail-safe是个新词，但也可以根据词形猜测到含义。但选项D和E的逻辑关系与题目比较接近。
fail-safe含有在任何情况下都不会发生故障的特征意义。同样immuntable也是永恒不变的。而precarious是依据所处的环境或条件而产生的不确定性，在词义范围上比前两者要窄。
TRANSITORY: ENDURE=immutable: change
IMMUTABLE: ALTERED=implacable: propitiated
PRECARIOUS: STABILITY=spent: efficacy

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 12:45:21

16. ODE: POEM::
(A) eulogy: speech
颂诗：诗 (类属关系)
赞词：演说
[分析]
ode和eulogy是常考的老词。

反义解析
2006/10

Section 2
28. PANORAMIC::
(A) unjust
(B) unattractive
(C) unintelligible
(D) narrow
(E) parallel
全景的
不公平的
不吸引人的, 不引人注意的
难以理解的
狭窄的
平行的;类似的
[词义]
panoramic adj. 全景的; 全貌的
a : CYCLORAMA 1  b : a picture exhibited a part at a time by being unrolled before the spectator
2 a : an unobstructed or complete view of an area in every direction  b : a comprehensive presentation of a subject  *a panorama of American history*  c : RANGE
3 : a mental picture of a series of images or events
[分析]
panoramic的特征是在视野上一览无遗，不受限制。

29. LIKEN::
(A) disguise
(B) contrast
比做
伪装;掩饰
对比;对照
[词义]
liken v. 把...比作...
: COMPARE
[分析]
注意compare是比较两者的相同点，而contrast是比较两者的不同点。

30. CAUSTIC::
(A) mild
腐蚀性的;刻薄的adj.
温和的
[词义]
caustic adj. 腐蚀性的;刻薄的; n. 腐蚀剂
a.
: capable of destroying or eating away by chemical action  : CORROSIVE
2 : marked by incisive sarcasm
3 : relating to or being the surface or curve of a caustic
synonyms CAUSTIC, MORDANT, ACRID, SCATHING mean stingingly incisive. CAUSTIC suggests a biting wit  *caustic comments*. MORDANT suggests a wit that is used with deadly effectiveness  *mordant reviews of the play*. ACRID implies bitterness and often malevolence  *acrid invective*. SCATHING implies indignant attacks delivered with fierce severity  *a scathing satire*.
n.
1 : a caustic agent: as  a : a substance that burns or destroys organic tissue by chemical action  b : SODIUM HYDROXIDE
2 : the envelope of rays emanating from a point and reflected or refracted by a curved surface
[分析]
CAUSTIC  innocuous  palliating  smooth

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 12:45:22

31. STASIS::
(A) period of change
静态;停滞
变化时期
[词义]
stasis n. 静态;停滞
1 : a slowing or stoppage of the normal flow of a bodily fluid or semifluid: as  a : slowing of the current of circulating blood  b : reduced motility of the intestines with retention of feces
2 a : a state of static balance or equilibrium  : STAGNATION  b : a state or period of stability during which little or no evolutionary change in a lineage occurs

32. WINDFALL::
(A) formal requirement
(B) legal acquisition
(C) unrealized prophecy
(D) unexpected backset
意外的好运
正式的需求
合法的所得
未实现的预言
意想不到的挫折
[词义]
windfall n.风吹落的果实; 意外的好运
1 : something (as a tree or fruit) blown down by the wind
2 : an unexpected, unearned, or sudden gain or advantage
[分析]
windfall主要强调意外的收获，而这种所得并没有合法与非法的。

33. HARDIHOOD::
(A) simplicity
(B) timorous
(C) discretion
大胆,鲁莽
简易;直率
胆小
谨慎;判断力
[词义]
hardihood n. 大胆, 鲁莽
a : resolute cour
age and fortitude  b : resolute and self-assured audacity often carried to the point of impudent insolence
2 : VIGOR, ROBUSTNESS
synonyms see TEMERITY
timorous adj. 胆小的, 胆怯的
1 : of a timid disposition  : FEARFUL  *reproached myself with being so timorous and cautious — Daniel Defoe*
2 : expressing or suggesting timidity  *proceed with doubtful and timorous steps — Edward Gibbon*
discretion n. 谨慎, 审慎
1 : the quality of being discreet  : CIRCUMSPECTION;  especially : cautious reserve in speech
2 : ability to make responsible decisions
3 a : individual choice or judgment  *left the decision to his discretion*  b : power of free decision or latitude of choice within certain legal bounds  *reached the age of discretion*
4 : the result of separating or distinguishing

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 12:45:23

34. DISSONANCE::
(A) euphony
不和谐(的音调)
悦耳的语音gather amass accumulate

36. RETIRING::外语学习网
(A) indulge
(B) assertive
(C) professional
(D) insensitive
(E) virulent
害羞的
隐居的
放纵
断定的;自信的
专业的;职业的
感觉迟钝的
剧毒的;恶毒的

会计考友 · 发表于 2012-8-15 12:45:24

[词义]
retiring adj. 隐居的, 不爱交际的; 害羞的
: RESERVED, SHY
reserved adj. 说话不多的
1 : restrained in words and actions
2 : kept or set apart or aside for future or special use
synonyms see SILENT
indulge v. 放纵
transitive verb
1 a : to give free rein to  b : to take unrestrained pleasure in  : GRATIFY
2 a : to yield to the desire of  : HUMOR  *please indulge me for a moment*  b : to treat with excessive leniency, generosity, or consideration
intransitive verb : to indulge oneself
synonyms INDULGE, PAMPER, HUMOR, SPOIL, BABY, MOLLYCODDLE mean to show undue favor to a person's desires and feelings. INDULGE implies excessive compliance and weakness in gratifying another's or one's own desires  *indulged myself with food at the slightest excuse*. PAMPER implies inordinate gratification of desire for luxury and comfort with consequent enervating effect  *pampered by the amenities of modern living*. HUMOR stresses a yielding to a person's moods or whims  *humored him by letting him tell the story*. SPOIL stresses the injurious effects on character by indulging or pampering  *foolish parents spoil their children*. BABY suggests excessive care, attention, or solicitude  *babying students by grading too easily*. MOLLYCODDLE suggests an excessive degree of care and attention to another's health or welfare  *refused to mollycoddle her malingering son*.
assertive adj. 果断的, 断言的
1 : disposed to or characterized by bold or confident assertion  *an assertive leader*
2 : having a strong or distinctive flavor or aroma  *assertive wines*
synonyms see AGGRESSIVE
[分析]
retiring是一种沉默拘束的状态，而assertive在言行上与之相反，坚定而有进取心。Indulge是对个人欲望的过度放纵。
37. GAINFUL::
(A) unoccupied
(B) unremunerative
有利可图的
未占用的
无报酬的;无利可获的
[词义]
gainful adj. 有利可图的
: productive of gain  : PROFITABLE  *gainful employment*

38. DISAFFECTED::
(A) content
(B) beloved
不满的
满意的adj.
心爱的
[词义]
disaffected adj. (政治上)不满的, 叛离的
: discontented and resentful especially against authority  : REBELLIOUS  *disaffected youth*
content adj. 知足的, 满意的; n. 内容;满意
a.  : CONTENTED, SATISFIED  *was content with her life as it was*
v.
1 : to appease the desires of
2 : to limit (oneself) in requirements, desires, or actions
n.
1
: CONTENTMENT  *ate to his heart's content*
2
1 a : something contained —  usually used in plural  *the jar's contents*  *the drawer's contents*  b : the topics or matter treated in a written work  *table of contents*  c : the principal substance (as written matter, illustrations, or music) offered by a World Wide Web site  *Internet users have evolved an ethos of free content in the Internet — Ben Gerson*
2 a : SUBSTANCE, GIST  b : MEANING, SIGNIFICANCE  c : the events, physical detail, and information in a work of art —  compare FORM 10b
3 a : the matter dealt with in a field of study  b : a part, element, or complex of parts
4 : the amount of specified material contained  : PROPORTION
beloved adj. 心爱的
: dearly loved  : dear to the heart
Section 4
28. TARRY::
(A) take action
耽搁
采取行动
[词义]
tarry v. 徘徊, 耽搁外语学习网
v.
1 a : to delay or be tardy in acting or doing  b : to linger in expectation  : WAIT
2 : to abide or stay in or at a place
n.  : STAY, SOJOURN

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[GRE真题] GRE考试真题答案及解析（4）