历年GRE考试Issue题库分析与提纲十六

会计考友

174. "Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places."  
   
# I8 ?& D' Z0 b4 w  _法律不应该是僵化或固定的，而应该根据不同的环境、时期和地点而足够灵活。  
   
1.       On the one hand, a certain measure of consistency, stability and predictability in our laws is required in order for us to understand our legal obligations and rights as we go about our day-to-day business as a society.
+ g" G: a7 ]. [2.       On the other hand, rigid laws can result in unfairness if applied inflexibly in all places at all times.
0 x( d+ P# q- b( D* d) n6 f6 F法律的灵活性  
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: B; R$ o' m$ P* f: F. ^178. "It is possible to pass laws that control or place limits on people’s behavior, but legislation cannot reform human nature. Laws cannot change what is in people’s hearts and minds."  
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通过法律可以控制或者限制人们的行为，但是立法是无法改变人类本性的。法律无法改变人们的感情和思想。  
   
* k7 x* U9 ]) q: d/ h4 b) u8 LIt is necessary to realize the limits of law when we hail “rule by law”.
1.       Common tells us that without laws, society would fall into a state of chaos.
2.       However, legislation cannot reform human nature.
3.       Society should depend on education to cultivate people’s hearts and minds.
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- j+ A8 X+ x% m9 q180. "Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated."  
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) v* g' k, n6 A9 h/ |1 v' I现代社会的很多问题是法律和立法系统无法解决的，因为道德行为是无法用法律约束的。  
I agree with this assertion insofar as it relates to constraints on certain personal freedoms. However, when it comes to the conduct of business, I think that moral behavior not only can but must be legislated for the purpose of alleviating societal problems.
/ U" f+ l, X' S4 }* W1.       Morality laws that impinge upon freedom of choice about our personal lives—to control what we do with and to ourselves—simply do not work in a democratic society.
& l; X8 ^$ m0 w) g6 R7 j2.       Morality laws impinging on personal freedoms are not made any more useful or effective by purporting to serve the greater good of society, because on balance their costs far outweigh their benefits.
3.       In sharp contrast to personal behavior, the behavior of businesses can and must be controlled through legislation.
9 i* o* b  _- X+ p! p6 x& J9 M1 x5 l. a) y道德和法律  
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185. "Scandals--whether in politics, academia, or other areas--can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could."

会计考友

丑闻----无论是政治、学术还是其他领域----可能会是有用的。丑闻可以用演说家或者改革家无法使用的手段让我们注意到某些问题。  
1.       On the one hand, scandals can sometimes serve to call our attention to pervasive social or political problems that we would otherwise neglect.
2.       On the other hand, scandals can sometimes serve chiefly to distract us from more pressing community or societal problems.
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193. "It is not the headline-making political events but the seldom-reported social transformations that have the most lasting significance."  
   
Transformation: change  
1 N( B- C  {, v" i9 ^) U( Y真正具有长远意义的，不是那些被炒作的政治事件，而是那些鲜有报道的社会变化。  
Agree
& V( R9 ?: p# {  a1.       The headline-making “sensational” political events are often superficial and short-lived.
8 ~% f% j' q4 d$ B9 ]2.       The commercial interests of the mass media determine their preoccupation with the news value of events rather than the social value of events.
8 d4 Z, q) |% w& D' _3.       Social transformations usually take place slowly, and are hard to notice at their beginning.  
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; t7 t- Z  g9 U3 o198. "Instead of encouraging conformity, society should show greater appreciation of individual differences."  
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Conformity: agreement  
, J0 W0 [' r5 J' M6 _社会应该多一些鼓励个人间的差异而不是统一。  
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" c) u, f6 d4 |' QThere is no doubt that society should encourage individuals to stand out to show their unique character and qualities.
+ h5 d. O0 {5 h! h0 I1.       Conformity leads to the death of creativity.
, |8 D/ J; _8 n& q( f; N" l: g2.       A society that encourages individual differences will benefit from the creations and vitality of its people.
3.       “Whatever crushes individuality is despotism, by whatever name it may be called.” (John Stuart Mill)
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